Covariate | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
Age# | per 15 years | 1.68 (1.40–2.02) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.06–1.80) | 0.016 |
BMI# | per 7 kg·m−2 | 0.82 (0.68–0.99) | 0.046 | ||
WHO FC | I/II or III/IV; Ref.=I/II | 2.20 (1.12–4.30) | 0.021 | ||
ISWD# | per 177 m | 0.51 (0.41–0.63) | <0.001 | ||
RAP# | per 5 mmHg | 1.30 (1.14–1.49) | <0.001 | ||
Cardiac index# | per 0.8 L·min−1·m−2 | 0.75 (0.64–0.88) | <0.001 | ||
PVR# | per 4.3 WU | 1.36 (1.16–1.60) | <0.001 | ||
SvO2# | per 8% | 0.66 (0.57–0.76) | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.57–0.87) | 0.001 |
FEV1# | per 35% | 0.65 (0.49–0.86) | 0.002 | ||
DLCO# | per 17% | 0.52 (0.44–0.62) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.46–0.74) | <0.001 |
VTE | Ref.=absent | 0.70 (0.51–0.95) | 0.020 | ||
Cancer | Ref.=absent | 2.33 (1.58–3.45) | <0.001 | 2.24 (1.28–3.95) | 0.005 |
Obesity | Ref.=absent | 0.68 (0.49–0.95) | 0.023 | ||
Thyroid disorders | Ref.=absent | 1.35 (0.88–2.06) | 0.166 | ||
CAD | Ref.=absent | 2.17 (1.47–3.18) | <0.001 | ||
LV dysfunction | Ref.=absent | 1.77 (0.86–3.48) | 0.096 | ||
CKD | Ref.=absent | 2.33 (1.44–3.77) | 0.001 | 2.20 (1.22–4.71) | 0.021 |
PEA | Ref.=not performed | 0.31 (0.22–0.43) | <0.001 | 0.38 (0.23–0.63) | <0.001 |
Data shown for univariate analysis where p<0.20; 72 variables were imported into univariate analysis. HR: hazard ratio; Ref.: reference parameter; BMI: body mass index; WHO FC: World Health Organization Functional Class; ISWD: incremental shuttle walk distance; RAP: right atrial pressure; mPAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; WU: Wood units; SvO2: mixed venous oxygen saturation; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; VTE: venous thromboembolism; CAD: coronary artery disease; LV: left ventricular; CKD: chronic kidney disease; PEA: pulmonary endarterectomy. #: these variables are scaled so that the hazard ratio is the change by 1 sd.