Placebo and zopiclone sleepiness/alertness and driving simulator performance data collected during the baseline and night 30 conditions
| Placebo# | Zopiclone¶ | Delta change | p-value | |||
| Baseline | Night 30 | Baseline | Night 30 | |||
| ESS+ | 5 (4–12) | 6 (4–11) | 8 (5–12) | 7 (4–9) | −1 (−4–1) | 0.55 |
| FOSQ+ | 101±11 | 101±12 | 101±8 | 103±11 | 3 (−2–7) | 0.25 |
| Leeds§ | 5±1 | 5±1 | 4±1 | 5±1 | 0 (−1–1) | 0.62 |
| KSS | 6±2 | 6±2 | 6±1 | 6±2 | 0 (−1–1) | >0.99 |
| AusEd driving simulator | ||||||
| Deviation from median of lane cm | 59±22 | 51±13 | 48±16 | 47±13 | 7 (−1–15) | 0.10 |
| Deviation from 60–80 km·h−1 km·h−1 | 2±2 | 2±1 | 2±1 | 2±1 | 1 (0–1) | 0.11 |
| Braking reaction time ms+ | 1016±233 | 1017±203 | 1034±312 | 957±206 | −77 (−206–50) | 0.22 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated; the delta change column indicates the difference from baseline to night 30 between conditions (mean (95% CI) for normally distributed data and Hodge–Lehmann estimated median (95% CI) for nonnormally distributed data). Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) data were collected in the evening 1.5 h prior to sleep; Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (Leeds), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and AusEd data were collected 30 min after awakening. #: n=16; ¶: n=14; +: for ESS, FOSQ and AusEd braking reaction time n=15 in the placebo group; §: for Leeds n=13 in the placebo group and n=11 in the zopiclone group. p-values refer to the difference from baseline to night 30 compared between placebo and zopiclone conditions.