The relationship between baseline haemodynamic parameters and incident COPD stratified according to CAD
| Sample size±events | HR per 10 mmHg or bpm (95% CI) | p-value | |
| No CAD | |||
| ΔSBP in all | 19 579±1094 | 1.106 (1.016–1.204) | 0.020 |
| ΔSBP in smokers | 8471±861 | 1.118 (1.017–1.229) | 0.021 |
| RHR all | 19 526±1086 | 1.063 (0.996–1.134) | 0.064 |
| RHR smokers | 8443±853 | 1.097 (1.020–1.179) | 0.013 |
| CAD | |||
| ΔSBP in all | 5068±470 | 1.081 (0.957–1.221) | 0.209 |
| ΔSBP in smokers | 2787±363 | 1.102 (0.959–1.267) | 0.169 |
| RHR in all | 5056±470 | 1.086 (0.983–1.199) | 0.105 |
| RHR in smokers | 2779±363 | 1.149 (1.026–1.285) | 0.016 |
All analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, total cholesterol, supine SBP, antihypertensive therapy, and forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s expressed as a percentage of predicted values. HR: hazard ratio; CAD: coronary artery disease; bpm: beats per min; ΔSBP: orthostatic systolic blood pressure decrease; RHR: resting heart rate.