COPD | No COPD | OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Subjects | 87 | 409 | ||||
Tuberculosis | 9 (10.3) | 9 (2.2) | 5.13 (1.97–13.33) | <0.0001 | 5.93 (2.05–17.18) | 0.001 |
Smoker | 33 (37.9) | 92 (22.5) | 2.11 (1.29–3.44) | 0.003 | 1.39 (0.77–2.53) | 0.28 |
Male | 57 (65.5) | 206 (50.4) | 1.87 (1.16–3.03) | 0.01 | 1.09 (0.61–1.95) | 0.782 |
Female | 30 (34.5) | 203 (49.6) | ||||
Age recode years | ||||||
30–40 | 3 (3.4) | 20 (4.9) | ||||
41–50 | 16 (18.4) | 220 (53.8) | 4.78 (1.34–17.10) | 0.016 | 4.02 (1.10–14.66) | 0.035 |
51–60 | 25 (28.7) | 109 (26.7) | 9.85 (5.19–18.71) | <0.0001 | 9.35 (4.79–18.25) | <0.0001 |
>60+ | 43 (49.4) | 60 (14.7) | 3.13 (1.74–5.61) | <0.0001 | 3.18 (1.73–5.83) | <0.0001 |
Data are presented as n or n (%), unless otherwise stated. #: as 99.5% of the study population used biomass for cooking and heating purposes and 94% of the population was engaged in farming as their occupation, no associations could be calculated with use of biomass and occupation. p<0.05 was considered to be indicative of statistical significance.