Annual change in lung density measured as the 15th percentile point (abbreviated as Perc15 or PD15), FEV1 and gas transfer in placebo-treated patients in randomised controlled trials or studies on the natural course of AATD-associated emphysema
| Author, year [Ref.] | Patients n | Follow-up months | Perc15 (PD15) value g·L−1 | FEV1 mL·year−1 | DLCO mmol·min−1·kPa−1 | KCO¶ mmol·min−1·kPa−1·L−1 |
| Dirksen, 1999 [51] | 28 | 36 | −2.57±0.41# | −59.1±11.9# | −0.16±.04# | −0.0162±0.004# |
| Dirksen, 2009 [52] | 35 | 25 | −2.241¶ (−2.90– −1.577) | −23 mL¶ (−0.043– −0.004) | −0.343¶ (−0.489– −0.196) | −0.035¶ (−0.051– −0.020) |
| Stolk, 2012 [146] | 110 | 14 | −1.81±0.5# | −50±13# | −0.23±0.05# | NA |
| Stolk, 2015 [147] | 51 | 96 | NA | −66 ± 60.9+ | NA | −0.0275±0.00259+ |
| Chapman, 2015 [53] | 87 | 24 | −2.19±0.23# | −2.3±13.1%§ | −1.5±19.5%§ | NA |
| Green, 2016 [111] | 76 | 24 | −3.2±0.5 | −44.67±8.71 | −0.37±0.04 | −0.01±0.01 |
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1s; AATD: α1-antitrypsin deficiency; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; KCO: transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide i.e. DLCO/alveolar volume; NA: not available in the manuscript. #: mean±se; ¶: (95% CI); +: mean±sd; §: annual decline in % predicted.