Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values
| Within the subset of patients radiographed within 7 days# | |||||
| n (%) of cohort | Sensitivity | Specificity | NPV | PPV | |
| Temperature | 76 (10.6%) | 25.2% | 92.2% | 86.6% | 38.2% |
| Temperature + crackles | |||||
| 1 of the 2 | 418 (58.1%) | 76.5% | 45.5% | 91.1% | 21.1% |
| Both | 61 (8.5%) | 21.7% | 94% | 86.3% | 41% |
| Temperature + crackles + oxygen saturation | |||||
| 1 or more | 448 (62.2%) | 80% | 41.2% | 91.5% | 20.5% |
| 2 or more | 116 (16.1%) | 33.9% | 87.3% | 87.4% | 33.6% |
| 3 (all three) | 15 (2.1%) | 7.% | 98.8% | 84.8% | 53.3% |
| Temperature + crackles + oxygen saturation + pulse | |||||
| None | 243 (33.8%) | 86.1% | 36.5% | 93.2% | 20.5% |
| 1 or more | 475 (66.0%) | 83.5% | 37.4% | 92.2% | 20.2% |
| 2 or more | 166 (23.1%) | 41.7% | 80.5% | 87.9% | 28.9% |
| 3 or more | 46 (6.4%) | 19.1% | 96.0% | 86.2% | 47.8% |
| 4 (all 4) | 7 (1.0%) | 3.48% | 99.5% | 84.4% | 57.1% |
NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value. #: n=720.