Comparison of associations of childhood atopy and atopic asthma with maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy versus paternal intake after pregnancy
Free sugar intake | p-trend | ||||||
Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | Per quintile | ||
Atopy n=3063 | |||||||
Maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy | |||||||
Adjusted OR# (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.78–1.38) | 1.16 (0.87–1.55) | 1.33 (0.98–1.82) | 1.64 (1.14–2.37) | 1.13 (1.04–1.23) | 0.004 |
Adjusted OR¶ (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.77–1.36) | 1.15 (0.86–1.53) | 1.31 (0.96–1.79) | 1.61 (1.11–2.33) | 1.13 (1.04–1.22) | 0.005 |
Paternal free sugar intake after pregnancy | |||||||
Adjusted OR# (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.84–1.50) | 1.28 (0.95–1.73) | 1.36 (0.99–1.86) | 1.16 (0.81–1.68) | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 0.22 |
Adjusted OR¶ (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.10 (0.82–1.47) | 1.25 (0.93–1.69) | 1.30 (0.95–1.78) | 1.10 (0.76–1.59) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 0.34 |
Atopic asthma n=2830 | |||||||
Maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy | |||||||
Adjusted OR# (95% CI) | 1.00 | 2.11 (1.26–3.52) | 1.18 (0.66–2.11) | 2.82 (1.60–4.96) | 2.01 (1.01–4.00) | 1.17 (1.02–1.36) | 0.03 |
Adjusted OR¶ (95% CI) | 1.00 | 2.13 (1.27–3.57) | 1.17 (0.65–2.11) | 2.80 (1.58–4.94) | 1.96 (0.98–3.93) | 1.17 (1.01–1.35) | 0.04 |
Paternal free sugar intake after pregnancy | |||||||
Adjusted OR# (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.60–1.62) | 1.26 (0.75–2.11) | 1.47 (0.87–2.48) | 0.92 (0.48–1.77) | 1.04 (0.90–1.21) | 0.55 |
Adjusted OR¶ (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.59–1.59) | 1.23 (0.73–2.06) | 1.39 (0.82–2.35) | 0.87 (0.45–1.69) | 1.03 (0.89–1.19) | 0.72 |
#: controlling only for previously mentioned potential confounders; ¶: mutually adjusting for maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy and paternal free sugar intake after pregnancy, in addition to previously mentioned potential confounders