Baseline pre-operative characteristics of survivors (n=216) and patients who had died (n=21) at 90 days post lung volume reduction surgery
| Alive | Dead | Total | p-value | |
| Age years | 60±7 | 62±8 | 60±7 | 0.310 |
| Males | 61 | 67 | 61 | 0.589 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 23.4±4.2 | 21.8±5.3 | 23.3±4.3 | 0.110 |
| MRC dyspnoea score | 4 (3–4) | 4.5 (3–5) | 4 (3–4) | 0.478 |
| Received long-term oxygen therapy | 13 | 17 | 13 | 0.643 |
| Received ambulatory oxygen | 16 | 25 | 17 | |
| PaO2 kPa | 9.61±1.31 | 9.39±1.42 | 9.59±1.32 | 0.484 |
| PaCO2 kPa | 5.28±0.65 | 5.18±0.83 | 5.27±0.83 | 0.557 |
| FEV1 L | 0.81±0.34 | 0.67±0.34 | 0.79±0.34 | 0.068 |
| FEV1 % | 28.7±10.3 | 23.5±5.9 | 28.3±10.1 | 0.024 |
| FVC L | 2.53±0.86 | 1.94±0.47 | 2.48±0.85 | 0.002 |
| FVC % | 72.4±18.4 | 63.0±20.2 | 71.5±18.7 | 0.028 |
| TLC % | 143±17 | 139±16 | 142±17 | 0.326 |
| RV % | 261±54 | 260±46 | 261±53 | 0.895 |
| RV/TLC ratio % | 66±9 | 71±6 | 67±9 | 0.023 |
| TLCO % | 39±13 | 31±20 | 38±14 | 0.016 |
| KCO % | 49±16 | 42±33 | 48±18 | 0.146 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, % and median (interquartile range). BMI: body mass index; MRC: Medical Research Council; PaO2: partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PaCO2: partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; TLC: total lung capacity; RV: residual volume; TLCO: transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide; KCO: transfer factor per unit alveolar volume.