Risk classification according to type of thoracic surgical procedure
| Low risk | Intermediate risk | High risk |
| Pleural drainage | Bullectomy | Pneumonectomy |
| Pleurodesis | Pleural resection | Extended lung resection |
| Mediastinoscopy | Lobectomy | Trachea, bronchial resection |
| Lung biopsy | Segmentectomy | Mediastinal resections# |
| Wedge resection | Pneumonectomy | |
| Pneumonectomy | ||
| Diaphragmatic resection | ||
| Lung volume reduction surgery | ||
| Lung transplantation |
#: oesophagectomy, mediastinal tumour resection and thymus resection.