TABLE 4

Characteristics of asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) patients in the asthma/COPD study population^# according to different ACOS definitions

	ACOS Definition^¶
	1	2	3	4	5	6
Patients n	75	75	44	49	76	322
Age years	57±6	57±6	57±6	55±7	57±7	56±6
Male	39	39	33	56	40	43
BMI kg·m⁻²	27±5	27±5	28±6	29±6	27±5	27±5
Waist-hip ratio	0.89±0.08	0.89±0.08	0.90±0.08	0.94±0.09	0.90±0.08	0.90±0.08
Physical activity MET·week^–1	33 (13–56)	33 (13–56)	27 (8–40)	16 (8–41)	18 (11–47)	29 (13–49)
Smoking
Never	31	31	44	0	22	33
Ex	47	47	35	61	53	48
Current	22	22	20	39	25	19
Lung function
FEV₁/FVC <0.7	51	51	33	100	100	59
F_eNO ≥45 ppb	2	2	1	2	5	7
Medication use
SABA	15	15	29	42	22	20
LABA	6	6	6	0	1	4
SAMA	2	2	2	3	0	1
LAMA	13	13	17	6	15	9
ICS	13	13	18	33	23	15
Combination LABA+ICS	44	44	56	38	48	40
Theophylline	1.2	1.2	0.0	0.0	1.4	0.8
Mucolytics	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.6	1.4
OCS	1.7	1.7	1.2	0.0	0.6	2.0
Asthma duration years	11 (2–24)	11 (2–24)	45 (19–52)	40 (30–50)	23 (3–40)	21 (5–40)
Asthma onset before 40 years of age	39	39	73	100	64	62
Comorbidity
Cardiovascular disease⁺	7	7	4	9	4	6
Diabetes mellitus type 2	6	6	8	6	5	5
Depression	14	14	13	13	17	20

Data are presented as weighted mean±sd or median (interquartile range) for continuous outcomes and weighted proportion (%) for categorical outcomes, unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; MET: metabolic equivalent of tasks; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; F_eNO: exhaled nitric oxide fraction; SABA: short-acting β-agonist; LABA: long-acting β-agonist; SAMA: short-acting muscarinic antagonist; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; OCS: oral corticosteroid. ^#: n=846; ^¶: see main text and table 2 for ACOS definitions; ⁺: myocardial infarction, angina, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease. Statistically significant differences are given in italics.