Results of linear regression analysis comparing effects of potential predictors of poor long-term spirometric lung function in severe acute malnutrition survivors (case group only)
| Potential predictors | Adjusted (95% CI) difference z-score FEV1 | Adjusted (95% CI) difference z-score FVC | Adjusted (95% CI) difference z-score FEV1/FVC |
| Severely stunted at admission (HAZ <−3) (n=92 versus 105) | 0.02 (−0.3 to 0.3) | 0.25 (−0.1 to 0.6) | −0.17 (−0.5 to 0.1) |
| Severely underweight at admission (WAZ ≤−4) (n=92 versus 106) | −0.07 (−0.4 to 0.2) | 0.20 (−0.1 to 0.5) | −0.46* (−0.7 to −0.2) |
| Oedema at admission (n=164 versus 34) | 0.05 (−0.4 to 0.5) | 0.01 (−0.4 to 0.4) | 0.25 (−0.1 to 0.6) |
| HIV positive versus negative (n=53 versus 133) | −0.58* (−0.9 to −0.3) | −0.49* (−0.8 to −0.2) | −0.23 (−0.5 to 0.0) |
| Poorest versus richest SEC (n=118 versus 76) | −0.27 (−0.06 to 0.0) | −0.22 (−0.5 to 0.1) | 0.01 (−0.3 to 0.3) |
| Males versus females (n=108 versus 91) | 0.32* (0.0 to 0.6) | 0.27 (−0.0 to 0.6) | 0.06 (−0.2 to 0.3) |
| Low versus normal birth size (n=18 versus 176) | −0.02 (−0.6 to 0.5) | −0.04 (−0.6 to 0.5) | −0.06 (−0.6 to 0.4) |
| Original admission age ≤2 years versus >2 years (n=106 versus 93) | −0.22 (−0.5 to 0.1) | −0.21 (−0.5 to 0.1) | −0.02 (−0.3 to 0.3) |
*: indicates p<0.05. Results are adjusted for HIV status, socioeconomic circumstances (SEC) and puberty. n=201 for all cases with spirometry results; n presented for each predictor indicates small numbers of missing data for each variable. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; HAZ: height-for-age z-score; WAZ: weight-for-age z-score.