TABLE 2

Dynamic lung volumes at baseline among cement production workers

	Female			Male
	FVC % pred	FEV₁ % pred	FEV₁/FVC %	FVC % pred	FEV₁% pred	FEV₁/FVC %
Subjects n	217	247	223	2706	3389	2773
All	108±16	102±15	81±7	103±13	99±14	80±7
Country
Estonia	114±16	104±18	77±7	110±14	104±13	78±5
Greece	107±11	101±9	83±5	101±12	97±13	81±5
Italy	116±20	109±18	77±8	103±13	102±15	81±6
Norway	108±15	102±12	82±7	103±13	97±16	78±7
Spain	108±17	106±15	83±5	106±13	102±15	79±5
Sweden	116±15	106±13	79±5	107±13	102±15	79±6
Switzerland	120±11	115±16	81±4	107±13	102±13	77±6
Turkey	101±15	97±14	82±6	101±13	97±14	80±6
Allergy
No	109±16	102±15	81±6	102±13	99±14	80±6
Yes	107±17	102±16	81±7	104±14	100±14	80±6
Asthma^#
No	108±16	102±15	81±7	102±13	99±14	80±6
Yes	106±13	96±14	76±6	105±15	96±18	76±8
Job type
Administration	108±15	103±13	81±5	103±14	100±14	80±6
Production	111±18	104±17	80±8	103±14	99±14	80±6
Cleaning	111±11	101±15	76±8	106±12	100±12	79±8
Maintenance	99±16	94±15	77±6	102±12	99±13	80±6
Foreman	116±11	101±18	72±8	102±12	95±17	78±7
Laboratory	108±19	101±18	82±6	102±12	98±14	80±6
Other	105±18	97±15	80±7	101±13	96±15	79±5
Multiple job types	110±17	102±18	80±8	104±15	98±16	78±7
Previous exposure^¶
No	107±16	101±14	82±6	102±14	98±14	80±6
Yes	112±16	103±16	78±7	103±13	99±14	80±6

Data are presented as arithmetic mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. Individuals with a valid FEV₁ measurement at baseline are shown. For measures including FVC, only participants with both a valid FEV₁ and FVC were included. Only workers that were included in the final analysis are shown (21 plants were included). FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s. (For FEV₁ % pred and FVC % pred the values are calculated as percentages of the European predicted values [23].) ^#: Asthma was defined as self-report of physician-diagnosed asthma; ^¶: previous occupational exposure to dust or gases for more than a year.