Non-Hispanic white | African-American | |||||
Male | Female | p-value# | Male | Female | p-value# | |
COPD subjects n | 1593 | 1261 | 459 | 377 | ||
Age years | 65.1±8.2 | 64.1±8.3 | 0.002 | 58.8±8.0 | 59.2±8.3 | 0.46 |
Pack-years | 60.7±30.2 | 50.3±23.7 | <0.001 | 45.6±24.0 | 38.7±21.3 | <0.001 |
Current smoker | 556 (34.9) | 436 (34.6) | 0.89 | 301 (65.6) | 208 (55.2) | 0.003 |
BMI kg·m−2 | 28.4±5.6 | 27.7±6.7 | 0.008 | 26.7±6.0 | 29.5±7.3 | <0.001 |
FEV1 % predicted | 49.12±18.1 | 50.28±17.8 | 0.09 | 51.79±18.2 | 52.81±17.2 | 0.41 |
FEV1/FVC | 0.48±0.1 | 0.50±0.1 | <0.001 | 0.52±0.1 | 0.53±0.1 | 0.13 |
GOLD II | 776 (48.7) | 668 (53.0) | 252 (54.9) | 226 (60.0) | ||
GOLD II | 531 (33.3) | 388 (30.8) | 136 (29.6) | 107 (28.4) | ||
GOLD IV | 286 (18.0) | 205 (16.3) | 71 (15.5) | 44 (11.7) | ||
%LAA | 14.2±12.9 | 12.9±12.8 | 0.008 | 11.4±12.5 | 9.7±11.7 | 0.06 |
Log %LAA | 2.06±1.3 | 1.79±1.5 | <0.001 | 1.63±1.5 | 1.31±1.7 | 0.006 |
Early-onset COPD¶ | 78 (4.9) | 81 (6.4) | 0.09 | 52 (11.3) | 49 (13.0) | 0.53 |
Emphysema predominant+ | 304 (19.1) | 216 (17.1) | 0.20 | 68 (14.8) | 39 (10.3) | 0.07 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise stated. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; %LAA: per cent low attenuation area. #: univariate comparison of non-Hispanic white and African-American males versus females, respectively; ¶: <55 years old, GOLD grade III or IV; +: subjects with ≥25% emphysema on CT.