Estimated mean changes from baseline to 6 months in DASH score, asthma outcomes, weight and blood pressure in the intention-to-treat population
| Change from baseline to 6 months | ||||
| Baseline | Intervention | Control | Difference | |
| Intervention goal measure | ||||
| DASH score | 2.3±1.3 | 0.6±0.3 | −0.3±0.3 | 0.8 (0.2, 1.5) |
| Fruits and vegetables servings per day# | 4.4±2.4 | 1.6±0.5 | −0.3±0.5 | 1.9 (0.8, 3.0) |
| Fat g·day−1 | 66.3±40.7 | −5.3±4.8 | −4.7±4.7 | –0.5 (–11.6, 10.5) |
| Low fat/fat-free dairy servings per day# | 1.0±0.9 | 0.2±0.2 | −0.1±0.2 | 0.3 (−0.1, 0.7) |
| Sodium mg·day−1 | 2718±1278 | −117±197 | −58±192 | −58 (−529, 413) |
| Asthma control | ||||
| ACQ | 1.3±0.8 | −0.2±0.1 | −0.0±0.1 | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) |
| Asthma-specific functional status | ||||
| MiniAQLQ, overall | 5.2±1.1 | 0.7±0.2 | 0.2±0.2 | 0.4 (0.0, 0.8) |
| MiniAQLQ, symptoms | 5.2±1.3 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.1±0.2 | 0.5 (0.0, 0.9) |
| MiniAQLQ, environment | 4.6±1.6 | 0.7 ±0.2 | 0.3±0.2 | 0.4 (−0.1, 1.0) |
| MiniAQLQ, emotions | 4.9±1.5 | 0.7±0.2 | 0.3±0.2 | 0.4 (−0.2, 0.9) |
| MiniAQLQ, activities | 6.0±1.0 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.2±0.2 | 0.3 (−0.0, 0.7) |
| Spirometry lung function test | ||||
| FEV1 L | 2.6±0.8 | −0.0±0.0 | −0.0±0.0 | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.1) |
| FVC L | 3.8±1.0 | 0.0±0.1 | 0.1±0.1 | −0.0 (−0.2, 0.1) |
| FEV1/FVC % | 68.5±11.3 | −0.4±1.1 | −1.6±1.0 | 1.2 (−1.3, 3.7) |
| Weight and blood pressure | ||||
| Weight kg | 76.5±15.9 | −1.2±0.7 | −1.1±0.7 | −0.1 (−1.8, 1.5) |
| Body mass index kg·m−2 | 27.9±4.8 | −0.5±0.2 | −0.4±0.2 | −0.1 (−0.7, 0.4) |
| Systolic blood pressure mmHg | 117.4±14.4 | −5.5±1.7 | −3.6±1.6 | −2.0 (−5.9, 2.0) |
| Diastolic blood pressure mmHg | 74.9±8.9 | −1.5±1.1 | 0.7±1.1 | −2.2 (−4.7, 0.4) |
Data are presented as mean±sd (Baseline), covariate-adjusted, mixed-model-based mean±se (Intervention and Control) or covariate-adjusted, mixed-model-based mean (95% CI) (Difference). DASH: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (range 0–9 with higher scores indicating better DASH concordance); ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire (range 0–6 with higher scores indicating worse asthma control); MiniAQLQ: Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity. #: servings were calculated using the Nutrition Data System for Research per the 2000 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (fruit: one serving=1 medium apple, banana, orange or pear, 0.5 cups of chopped, cooked or canned fruit, 0.25 cups dried fruit or 4 fl. oz of fruit juice; vegetables: one serving=1 cup of raw leafy vegetables, 0.5 cups of other cooked or raw vegetables or 4 fl. oz of vegetable juice; dairy: one serving=1 cup of milk or yogurt, 1.5 oz of natural cheese or 2 oz of processed cheese).