TABLE 2

The effect of current pulmonary infection, inflammation and clinical characteristics on measures of ventilation inhomogeneity in infants

	LCI		M₁/M₀		M₂/M₀
	Difference	p-value	Difference	p-value	Difference	p-value
Pulmonary infection
No infection	Reference		Reference		Reference
Any infection excluding MOF	0.211 (0.031–0.391)	0.102	0.045 (−0.007–0.097)	0.089	0.331 (−0.064–0.725)	0.100
MOF only	0.125 (−0.052–0.302)	0.168	−0.003 (−0.054–0.048)	0.911	−0.008 (−0.397–0.381)	0.967
Significant infection excluding MOF ≥10⁵ cfu·mL⁻¹	0.400 (0.150–0.648)	0.002	0.121 (0.049–0.193)	0.001	0.959 (0.414–1.504)	0.001
Any infection with a pro-inflammatory pathogen	0.270 (0.063–0.476)	0.011	0.070 (0.010–0.130)	0.022	0.477 (0.021–0.932)	0.040
Aspergillus spp. infection	0.738 (0.359–1.112)	<0.001	0.146 (0.035–0.257)	0.010	1.139 (0.295–1.982)	0.008
Haemophilus influenzae infection	0.483 (0.154–0.811)	0.004	0.164 (0.071–0.258)	0.001	1.180 (0.456–1.894)	0.001
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection	−0.059 (−0.479–0.361)	0.783	−0.024 (−0.144–0.097)	0.700	−0.183 (−1.098–0.732)	0.695
Staphylococcus aureus infection	0.054 (−0.253–0.360)	0.732	0.015 (−0.073–0.103)	0.746	0.069 (−0.601–0.739)	0.840
Pulmonary inflammation
TCC ×10³ ·mL⁻¹ (for a doubling)	0.084 (−0.008–0.160)	0.030	0.011 (−0.011–0.033)	0.312	0.085 (−0.083–0.253)	0.321
Neutrophils ×10³·mL⁻¹ (for a doubling)	0.039 (−0.007–0.085)	0.095	0.002 (−0.011–0.016)	0.746	0.023 (−0.081–0.129)	0.677
NE level (for a doubling)	0.026 (−0.043–0.095)	0.464	0.002 (−0.018–0.022)	0.845	0.028 (−0.124–0.179)	0.722
Presence of NE	−0.017 (−0.271–0.237)	0.898	0.019 (−0.056–0.094)	0.618	0.218 (−0.334–0.769)	0.439
IL-8 level (for a doubling)	0.020 (−0.006–0.028)	0.228	0.007 (−0.004–0.019)	0.224	0.071 (−0.016–0.157)	0.107
Presence of IL-8	0.155 (−0.085–0.395)	0.206	0.064 (−0.007–0.134)	0.075	0.526 (0.012–1.040)	0.045
Inflammatory response score	0.029 (−0.030–0.088)	0.343	0.009 (−0.009–0.026)	0.303	0.078 (−0.048–0.204)	0.224
Cumulative mean inflammatory response score	0.013 (−0.062–0.090)	0.729	0.006 (−0.017–0.028)	0.616	0.052 (−0.114–0.219)	0.538
Clinical characteristics
Respiratory symptoms	0.025 (−0.190–0.240)	0.818	0.009 (−0.054–0.071)	0.790	0.083 (−0.374–0.541)	0.721
Severe genotype	0.097 (−0.183–0.377)	0.498	0.057 (−0.030–0.143)	0.199	0.438 (−0.193–1.070)	0.174

Data are presented as mean (95% CI), unless otherwise stated. Data presented in bold are statistically significant. LCI: lung clearance index; M₁/M₀: 1st to 0th moment ratio; M₂/M₀: 2nd to 0th moment ratio; MOF: mixed oral flora; TCC: total cell count; NE: neutrophil elastase; IL: interleukin.