TABLE 2

Sociodemographic, asthma morbidity, clinical characteristics and spirometric values observed at visit 1 in all patients and distributed in the three study groups

Variable	All patients n=230	Intervention group n=114	Usual clinical practice group n=71	Gold standard group n=45	p between the three groups
Sociodemographic data
Age years	46.1±13.7	46.5±13.7	47.1±12.2	43.8±15.8	0.43
Women %	76.1	73.7	78.9	77.8	0.69
Body mass index kg·m⁻²	27.8±5.5	27.6±5.5	28.7±4.8	27.1±6.2	0.21
Educational level %					0.22
Without and primary studies	37.8	32.5	45.1	40
Secondary and university studies	62.2	67.5	54.9	60
Charlson Comorbidity Index	1.5±0.8	1.6±0.8	1.5±0.7	1.5±0.8	0.98
Asthma-related events in the year before enrolment
Oral steroid cycles needed
Long (≥10 days)	0.2±0.6	0.17±0.5	0.3±0.6	0.3±0.6	0.43
Short (<10 days)	0.7±1.1	0.8±1.2	0.7±1.2	0.4±0.7	0.29
Emergency room visits	1.2±1.5	1.3±1.4	1±1.7	1.1±1.2	0.42
Hospitalisations	0.1±0.3	0.1±0.3	0.1±0.4	0.2±0.4	0.25
Asthma clinical characteristics and spirometric data
Smoking %					0.26
Smoker	18.1	21.2	15.5	14.3
Never-smoker	58	50.4	64.8	66.7
Ex-smoker	23.9	28.3	19.7	19
Asthma severity level %					0.002
Mild	27.9	24.6	42.3	13.6
Moderate	72.1	75.4	57.7	86.4
Patients with inhaled steroids plus LABA %	77.6	79.8	71.8	84.8	0.25
Inhaled steroids μg·day⁻¹	814±715	822±762	850±711	713±589	0.652
Asthma Control Test score	15.6±3.3	16±3.3	15.6±3.4	14.5±2.9	0.035
Mini Asthma Quality of Life questionnaire score	4.6±1	4.5±0.9	4.7±1	4.7±1	0.29
Spirometric values %
FEV₁	86.2±16.8	88.3±16.7	84.5±17.9	83.3±14.6	0.15
ΔFEV₁ post-bronchodilator test	4.6±15.3	5.5±12.9	1.3±21.4	7.6±8	0.08

Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; LABA: long-acting β-agonists.