TABLE 1

Usage of chest radiography (CXR) in the 22 high tuberculosis burden countries

Country	Active case finding	Integral component of diagnostic algorithms in NTP guideline	How often CXR used	Frequency of prescribing ATT solely based on CXR findings	Use as an adjunct test for HIV	Availability of portable CXR	Availability of computer aided diagnostic software	Average price NTP pays for CXR USD	Routinely used in diagnosis of paediatric patients
Afghanistan	Inconsistent^#	Yes, as a follow-up for smear-negative cases	Sometimes (10–50%)	Sometimes	Unknown	Yes	Inconsistent	1.50–3.00	Yes
Bangladesh	No^¶	Yes	Often (>50%)	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	Inconsistent	5.00–7.00	Yes
Brazil	Yes⁺	Yes	Sometimes (10–50%)	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	No	4.63	Yes
Cambodia	Yes	Yes	Often (>50%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	No	Unknown^§	Yes
China	Yes	Yes	Sometimes (10–50%)	Sometimes	Inconsistent	Yes	Yes	10.00–18.00	Yes
DRC	Yes	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Inconsistent	Inconsistent	No	No	15.00–20.00	Inconsistent
Ethiopia	No	Yes	Inconsistent	Rarely	Yes	Unknown	No	3.00–5.00	Yes
India	No	Yes, as a follow-up for smear-negative cases	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	No	1–4	Yes
Indonesia	No	Inconsistent	Inconsistent	Inconsistent	Yes	Yes	No	5.00	Inconsistent
Kenya	No	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	Inconsistent	Unknown	Yes
Mozambique	No	Yes	Inconsistent	Sometimes	Yes	No	No	12.00	No
Myanmar	Yes	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	Inconsistent	5.00	Yes
Nigeria	No	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	Inconsistent	5.00–15.00	Yes
Pakistan	Unknown	Yes, as a follow-up for smear-negative cases	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	No	1.00–5.00	Yes
Philippines	Yes	Yes	Sometimes (10–50%)	Inconsistent	Yes	Yes	No	3.00–5.00	Yes
Russian Federation	Yes	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Inconsistent	Yes	Inconsistent	Unknown	Yes
South Africa	No	No	Sometimes (10–50%)	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	No	Unknown	Yes
United Republic of Tanzania	Unknown	Yes	Inconsistent	Sometimes	Yes	No	No	5.00–6.00	Yes
Thailand	Yes	Yes	Inconsistent	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	No	3.00–6.00	Yes
Uganda	No	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Sometimes	Yes	No	No	4.00–5.00	Yes
Vietnam	Yes	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Rarely	Yes	Yes	No	1.50–3.50	Yes
Zimbabwe	No	Yes	Rarely (<10%)	Sometimes	Yes	Yes	No	20.00–30.00	Yes

NTP: National Tuberculosis Programme; ATT: antituberculosis treatment; USD: US dollar; DRC: Democratic Republic of Congo. ^#: respondents provided discrepant results where no consensus could be reached; ^¶: the majority of respondents indicated CXR is not used; ⁺: the majority of respondents indicated CXR is used; ^§: the respondents were unable to answer the question.