Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis for all-cause mortality and airflow limitation defined by the two cut-offs
| FEV1/FVC <0.70# | FEV1/FVC <GLI-LLN¶ | |||||
| Unadjusted | Model 1+ | Model 2§ | Unadjusted | Model 1+ | Model 2§ | |
| FEV1/FVC | 1.50 (1.08–2.08)* | 1.38 (0.98–1.95) | 1.38 (0.98–1.97) | 2.27 (1.48–3.47)*** | 2.16 (1.35–3.44)** | 2.10 (1.30–3.38)** |
| Age | 1.12 (1.08–1.17)*** | 1.10 (1.05–1.15)*** | 1.12 (1.08–1.17)*** | 1.10 (1.05–1.15)*** | ||
| Sex male | 1.00 (0.68–1.49) | 1.02 (0.69–1.50) | 1.03 (0.69–1.53) | 1.06 (0.72–1.58) | ||
| Smoker/ex-smoker | 1.09 (0.72–1.66) | 1.07 (0.72–1.60) | 0.97 (0.63–1.50) | 0.94 (0.61–1.45) | ||
| Comorbidities | 1.08 (1.02–1.14)** | 1.09 (1.03–1.15)** | ||||
| hsCRP >0.3 mg·dL−1 | 1.30 (0.93–1.81) | 1.27 (0.92–1.77) | ||||
| NT-proBNP highest tertile | 1.77 (1.25–2.49)** | 1.72 (1.22–2.42)** | ||||
| eGFR <45 mL·min−1 | 1.30 (0.89–1.89) | 1.34 (0.92–1.95) | ||||
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; GLI-LLN: Global Lungs Initiative lower limit of normal, 5th percentile of Global Lungs Initiative 2012 z-scores distribution; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate according to the equation from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group [17]. #: reference category FEV1/FVC ≥0.70; ¶: reference category FEV1/FVC ≥GLI-LLN; +: adjusted for age, sex and smoking status; §: model 1 adjusted for number of nonrespiratory comorbidities reported by the general practitioner, hsCRP >0.3 mg·dL−1, highest sex-specific tertile of NT-proBNP and eGFR <45 mL·min−1; *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ***: p<0.001.