Patients' characteristics
| Controls | COPD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonsmokers | Smokers | Mild# | Moderate¶ | Severe+ | |
| Subjects | 8 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 5 |
| Age years | 58.8±18.4 | 62.4±12.9 | 67.5±9.8 | 65.2±9.9 | 64.8±9.6 |
| Males/females | 3/5 | 7/6 | 9/1 | 10/3 | 5/0 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 25.4±4.2 | 25.0±3.7 | 25.8±2.8 | 22.1±2.9 | 22.2±4.4 |
| Smoking | |||||
| Exposure§ pack-years | 0*¶¶++§§ | 33.3±16.5ƒƒ | 44.9±22.1ƒƒ | 45.9±16.4ƒƒ | 82.5±43.5ƒƒ |
| Active/former | 0/0 | 5/8 | 6/4 | 9/4 | 1/4 |
| Post-BDP FEV1ƒ % pred | 95.0±22.5§§ | 93.8±18.4++§§ | 92.5±14.5++§§ | 68.6±8.8ƒƒ*¶¶ | 41.8±11.4ƒƒ*¶¶ |
| FEV1/FVCƒ % | 76.5±5.8§§ | 77.6±9.0++§§ | 65.3±3.5 | 61.9±10.6* | 45.9±16.4ƒƒ* |
| DLCO## % pred | 77.6±15.6 | 79.7±14.2++§§ | 61.5±14.8 | 55.1±16.7* | 45.5±13.8* |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Available samples | |||||
| Tissue IHC | 8 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 5 |
| Real-time PCR | 7 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 5 |