Comparison of the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) with Dyspnoea-12 (D-12)
| MDP | D-12 | |||
| Theoretical model | Empirical division | Details | Details | Empirical assignment |
| Refers to how breathing feels at a specific time (e.g. “now” or “when you climbed the stairs yesterday”) | Items refer to how breathing feels “these days” | |||
| Item ratings use 0–10 scales: A1 : 0=neutral; 10=unbearable SQ: 0=none; 10=as intense as I can imagine A2: 0=none; 10=most I can imagine | Item ratings use four response options: none, mild, moderate or severe | |||
| A1 | ID | Unpleasantness or discomfort of your breathing sensations, how bad your breathing feels | My breathing is uncomfortable | PA |
| SQ | ID | I am not getting enough air, I am smothering, or I feel hunger for air | I cannot get enough air | PA |
| My breath does not go in all the way | PA | |||
| SQ | ID | My breathing requires muscle work or effort | My breathing requires more work | PA |
| SQ | ID | I am breathing a lot | No exact match | |
| SQ | ID | My chest and lungs feel tight or constricted | No exact match | |
| SQ | ID | My breathing requires mental effort or concentration | No exact match | |
| No exact match | I have difficulty catching my breath | PA | ||
| No exact match | I feel short of breath | PA | ||
| No exact match | My breathing is exhausting | PA | ||
| A2 | ED | My breathing sensations make me feel depressed | My breathing makes me feel depressed | AA |
| A2 | ED | My breathing sensations make me feel anxious | No exact match | |
| A2 | ED | My breathing sensations make me feel frustrated | No exact match | |
| A2 | ED | My breathing sensations make me feel afraid | No exact match | |
| A2 | ED | My breathing sensations make me feel angry | No exact match | |
| No exact match | My breathing is distressing | AA | ||
| No exact match | My breathing is irritating | AA | ||
| No exact match | My breathing makes me miserable | AA | ||
| No exact match | My breathing makes me agitated | AA | ||
Assignment of MDP items to components of the theoretical model (A1: immediate unpleasantness; SQ: sensory quality; A2=emotional response) and empirical division in the setting of the emergency department (ID: Immediate Perception Domain; ED: Emotional Response Domain) as well as empirical assignment of D-12 items into two aspects (PA: Physical Aspect; AA: Affective Aspect).