| 25(OH)D nmol·L−1 | FEV1 % pred | FVC % pred | FEV1/FVC ratio % | |||
| Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | |
| Allergic rhinitis yes# | ||||||
| ≥75.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 50.0–74.9 | −5.46 (-11.44–0.52) | −5.38 (-11.69–0.94) | −4.30 (-9.42–0.81) | −4.14 (-9.51–1.22) | −1.21 (-4.72–2.30) | −1.11 (-4.80–2.57) |
| <50.0 | −8.82 (-14.67– −2.97) | −7.67 (-14.84– −0.50) | −6.02 (-11.02– -1.01) | −4.46 (-10.56–1.63) | −2.92 (-6.36–0.52) | −3.23 (-7.44–0.97) |
| Each 25-nmol·L−1 reduction | −3.76 (-6.10– −1.42) | −3.40 (-6.31– −0.48) | −2.36 (-4.37– −0.34) | −1.98 (-4.47–0.50) | −1.37 (-2.75–0.01) | −1.34 (-3.05–0.37) |
| Allergic rhinitis no¶ | ||||||
| ≥75.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 50.0–74.9 | −5.58 (-18.62–7.46) | −10.43 (-25.10–4.23) | −1.63 (-11.25–7.99) | −2.00 (-13.45–9.44) | −2.12 (-9.46–5.23) | −6.18 (-14.01–1.67) |
| <50.0 | −11.85 (-24.15–0.46) | −17.56 (−33.20– −1.93) | −6.57 (−15.65–2.50) | −7.91 (-20.11–4.29) | −4.69 (-11.62–2.24) | −8.60 (-16.95– -0.25) |
| Each 25-nmol·L−1 reduction | −3.46 (-8.80–1.89) | −5.28 (-11.86–1.31) | −1.44 (-5.38–2.51) | −1.37 (-6.49–3.75) | −1.79 (-4.77–1.19) | −3.06 (-6.58–0.45) |
Data are presented as β (95% CI). #: n=172; ¶: n=81. 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; % pred: % predicted; FVC: forced vital capacity. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for body mass index, education, social benefits, economic difficulties, season, physical activity, smoking status, asthma medication and inhaled corticosteroid. Multiple linear regression models for FEV1/FVC ratio were also adjusted for age and height.