Table 3– The effect of iron chelators on common cystic fibrosis airway pathogens
First author [ref.]YearBacteria testedIron chelatorsCulture model employedOutcomes
Aguila [102]2001S. aureus (clinical and laboratory isolates); MRSALactoferrinBroth cultures in iron depleted minimal media or normal human serumLactoferrin was bacteriostatic against most clinical and laboratory strains, including many antibiotic-resistant strains
Percival [100]2005S. aureus; S. epidermidis; P. aeruginosa; MRSA; E. coli; K. pneumoniaeEDTASilicon tubing, central venous catheter modelExposure of catheter-related biofilm to EDTA for 25 h inhibited biofilm growth of all bacterial species
Kim [103]2009S. aureus; S. epidermidis; S. saprophyticusDFO DeferiproneBroth culture in minimal mediaDFO promoted the growth of some species (especially S. aureus) Deferiprone inihibited the growth of all species tested
Al-Azemi [101]2011S. aureus#EDTA DFOCoverslip static biofilmEDTA impaired biofilm growth DFO at low concentration (100 μM) stimulated biofilm growth DFO concentrations >1 mM inhibited growth EDTA and DFO displayed synergistic antibiofilm effects
  • S. aureus: Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA: methicillin-resistant S. aureus; S. epidermidis: Staphylococcus epidermidis; P. aeruginosa: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; E. coli: Escherichia coli; K. pneumoniae: Klebsiella pneumoniae; S. saprophyticus: Staphylococcus saprophyticus; DFO: desferrioxamine B. #: Panton–Valentine leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin-sensitive S. aureus.