Metabolic components | Total n | Incident asthma on medication# | Model 1¶ OR (95% CI) | Model 2+ OR (95% CI) | Model 3§ OR (95% CI) |
Waist circumference ≥88 cm in females, ≥102 cm in males | 2 563 | 119 | 1.80 (1.46–2.23) | 1.66 (1.34–2.06) | 1.55 (1.23–1.95) |
Triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol·L−1 | 6401 | 195 | 1.30 (1.08–1.57) | 1.21 (1.01–1.46) | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) |
HDL cholesterol <1.3 mmol·L−1 in females, <1.0 mmol·L−1 in males | 4106 | 150 | 1.39 (1.15–1.69) | 1.30 (1.07–1.58) | 1.18 (0.96–1.46) |
Elevated blood pressureƒ or use of anti-hypertensive medication | 9859 | 269 | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 1.07 (0.89–1.28) | 0.99 (0.82–1.19) |
Elevated glucose## or diabetes | 501 | 24 | 1.87 (1.23–2.85) | 1.76 (1.15–2.68) | 1.64 (1.07–2.52) |
Metabolic syndrome¶¶ ≥3 components | 2413 | 95 | 1.55 (1.23–1.94) | 1.42 (1.13–1.79) | NA |
Total n = 20 155. HDL: high-density lipoprotein; NA: not applicable. #: incident asthma definition requires use of an asthma medication at follow-up and excludes those with wheezing from at-risk group at baseline and follow-up. ¶: adjusted for age, sex and family history of asthma. +: adjusted for age, sex, family history of asthma, smoking, physical activity, education, social benefit and economic difficulties at baseline. §: adjusted for all covariates and other metabolic risk factors. ƒ: systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg. ##: elevated glucose was ≥5.6 mmol·L−1 and ≥4 h since last meal. ¶¶: metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Joint Interim Statement clinical criteria including alternate indicators anti-hypertensive medication and diabetes; glucose was nonfasting and ≥4 h since last meal.