| Normal | PVH | OPVH | PAH | p-value | |
| Subjects n | 54 | 24 | 11 | 18 | |
| Resting haemodynamics | |||||
| RAP mmHg | 6±3 | 12±5 | 11±5 | 9±5 | <0.0001#,¶,+ |
| Mean PAP mmHg | 18±4 | 40±11 | 35±10 | 44±8 | <0.00001#,¶,+ |
| PAWP mmHg | 10±3 | 20±5 | 12±3 | 8±3 | <0.00001¶,+ |
| DWG mmHg | 2±4 | 8±9 | 13±9 | 21±7 | <0.00001#,¶,+ |
| TPG mmHg | 8±8 | 20±12 | 23±12 | 36±8 | <0.00001#,¶,+ |
| LVEDP mmHg | 13±5 | 18±5 | 15±4 | 9±4 | <0.00001#,¶,+ |
| Cardiac output L·min−1 | 5.7±1.7 | 4.9±1.8 | 5.1±1.4 | 3.8±1.0 | 0.0006# |
| Cardiac index L·min−1·m−2 | 3.5±1.1 | 3.0±1.4 | 2.8±0.3 | 2.4±0.7 | 0.003# |
| PVR Wood units | 1.5±0.9 | 5.2±4.3 | 5.3±4.0 | 10.1±4.5 | <0.00001#,¶,+ |
| CAD % | 35 | 33 | 30 | 15 | ns |
| Haemodynamics after fluid challenge | |||||
| Subjects n | 6 | 18 | |||
| RAP mmHg | 15±7 | 12±4 | ns | ||
| Mean PAP mmHg | 38±6 | 48±7 | 0.003¶ | ||
| PAWP mmHg | 17±5 | 12±2 | 0.03¶ | ||
| TPG mmHg | 21±9 | 36±7 | 0.001¶ | ||
| DWG mmHg | 10±8 | 20±6 | 0.001¶ | ||
| LVEDP mmHg | 21±2 | 12±3 | <0.00001¶ | ||
| Cardiac output L·min−1 | 5.6±1.9 | 4.1±1.2 | ns | ||
| ΔRAP | 4±5 | 3±2 | ns | ||
| Δmean PAP | 3±7 | 0±5 | ns | ||
| ΔPAWP | 4±4 | 3±3 | ns | ||
| ΔTPG | -2±6 | -3±4 | ns | ||
| ΔDWG | -2±5 | -3±5 | ns | ||
| ΔLVEDP | 6±3 | 2±2 | 0.01¶ | ||
| Δcardiac output | 0.4±0.4 | 0.1±0.3 | ns |
Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. PVH: pulmonary venous hypertension; OPVH: occult PVH; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; RAP: right atrial pressure; PAP: pulmonary artery pressure; PAWP: pulmonary artery wedge pressure; DWG: diastolic wedge gradient (diastolic PAP-PAWP); TPG transpulmonary gradient (mean PAP-PAWP); LVEDP: left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; CAD: coronary artery disease; Δ: change in; ns: nonsignificant. #: significant difference between normals and PAH; ¶: significant difference between PVH/OPVH and PAH; +: significant difference between normals and PVH/OPVH.