Tonsillar hypertrophy | No tonsillar hypertrophy | p-value | |
Subjects n | 126 (45.2) | 153 (54.8) | |
Age years | 5.1±2.6 | 6.9±3.2 | <0.001¶ |
Centile body mass index kg·m−2 | 59.4±36.9 | 76.6±35.1 | <0.001¶ |
Apnoea/hypopnea index events·h−1 | 8.9±10.5 | 3.5±6.3 | <0.001¶ |
Mean oxygen saturation % | 96.7±2.1 | 97.2±1.3 | <0.01¶ |
Sleep clinical score | 10.4±2.4 | 7.3±2.8 | <0.001¶ |
Male | 77 (61.1) | 101 (66) | NS+ |
Oral breathing | 63 (50) | 67 (43.7) | NS+ |
Nasal obstruction | 110 (87.3) | 120 (78.4) | NS+ |
Septum nose deviation | 12 (9.5) | 19 (12.4) | NS+ |
Dental/skeletal malocclusion | 103 (81.7) | 126 (82.3) | NS+ |
Friedman palate position III–IV | 40 (31.7) | 33 (21.5) | NS+ |
Narrow palate | 105 (83.3) | 117 (76.5) | NS+ |
Adult/obese phenotype | 21 (16.6) | 43 (28.1) | <0.05+ |
Adenoid phenotype | 27 (21.4) | 18 (11.7) | <0.05+ |
Brouillette score ≥ -1 | 91 (72.2) | 89 (58.2) | <0.05+ |
Rating scales positive for hyperactivity or attention deficit | 23 (18.2) | 41 (26.8) | NS+ |
Other neurological symptoms# | 18 (14.2) | 60 (39.2) | <0.001+ |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. #: limb movements, electroencephalogram paroxysmal activity, daytime somnolence, cephalalgia, enuresis or nocturnal choking; NS: not significant. ¶: p-values calculated by t-test; +: p-values calculated by Chi-squared test.