| Resting heart rate beats·min−1 | ||||
| <64 | 65–74 | 75–84 | ≥85 | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| Univariate | 1¶ | 1.11 (1.05–1.17) | 1.30 (1.23–1.37) | 1.51 (1.42–1.60) |
| Multivariate# | 1¶ | 1.16 (1.10–1.22) | 1.31 (1.24–1.38) | 1.51 (1.43–1.60) |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||
| Univariate | 1¶ | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) | 1.34 (1.24–1.45) | 1.57 (1.45–1.70) |
| Multivariate# | 1¶ | 1.16 (1.07–1.25) | 1.36 (1.26–1.48) | 1.57 (1.45–1.71) |
Data are presented as hazard ratio (95% CI). #: multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption habits, use of heart medication, use of antihypertensives, use of nitrates, previous ischaemic heart disease, electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemic heart disease, previous stroke, previous diagnosis of any cancer, self-reported diabetes or fasting glucose >11.1 mmol·L−1; ¶: reference.