Voshaar [8] | Voshaar [8] | Bateman [9] | Bateman [9] | Bateman [10] | ||||||||||
Year of publication | 2008 | 2008 | 2010 | 2010 | 2010 | |||||||||
ClinicalTrials.gov reference | NCT 00239473 | NCT 00240435 | NCT 00168844 | NCT 00168831 | NCT 00387088 | |||||||||
Trial duration weeks | 12 | 12 | 52 | 52 | 52 | |||||||||
Treatment titropium/other | 10μg | 5μg | Placebo | 10μg | 5μg | Placebo | 10μg | 5μg | Placebo | 10μg | 5μg | Placebo | 5μg | Placebo |
Number of participants | 93 | 88 | 91 | 87 | 92 | 90 | 332 | 332 | 319 | 335 | 338 | 334 | 1989 | 2002 |
Participants mean age years | 64 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 65 | 66 | 65 | 65 |
Mean FEV1 % predicted | 39 | 40 | 42 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 40 | 40 |
Current smokers | 37 | 37 | 43 | 37 | 37 | 43 | 35 | 38 | 36 | 35 | 38 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
All-cause mortality | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 52 | 38 |
Data presented as n unless otherwise stated. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s.