Table 1– Demographic, sleep and respiratory data in sleep apnoeic versus control subjects at baseline

	Males			Females
	Controls	Apnoeic	p-value	Controls	Apnoeic	p-value
Subjects n	19	22		20	20
Age yrs	52.38±6.23	54.25±6.56	0.36	54.59±5.98	57.64±5.81	0.12
BMI kg·m⁻²	26.60±2.65	27.22±2.54	0.47	27.85±4.24	30.57±3.06	0.03
Height cm	176.79±8.30	177.04±6.34	0.91	164.05±5.60	163.63±6.36	0.83
Waist cm	96.39±1.67	100.00±1.48	0.11	94.45±1.83	97.7±1.83	0.23
Neck cm	38.63±0.57	39.51±0.44	0.22	34.92±0.47	35.77±0.48	0.23
WHR	0.95±0.05	0.97±0.04	0.06	0.86±0.13	0.88±0.13	0.26
Sleep latency min	17.28±2.83	14.24±1.58	0.36	14.87±2.32	21.49±2.32	0.06
WASO min	66.75±8.23	112.97±10.28	<0.01	54.71±10.93	91.31±10.93	0.03
TWT min	84.02±8.81	127.20±10.63	<0.01	69.58±11.46	112.80±11.46	0.01
Sleep time TST %	82.56±1.82	73.59±2.19	<0.01	85.28±8.19	76.83±11.23	0.01
N1 %	14.11±0.81	22.42±1.88	<0.01	11.39±1.23	13.83±1.23	0.18
N2 %	64.71±2.16	56.28±2.82	0.03	58.51±2.14	55.32±2.14	0.32
SWS %	6.14±1.62	6.83±1.56	0.77	17.18±2.22	18.57±2.22	0.67
REM %	15.05±1.10	14.47±1.61	0.78	12.47±6.42	12.95±6.48	0.82
REM latency min	105.12±13.26	109.28±14.63	0.84	125.46±16.69	141.44±16.69	0.52
AHI	3.03±0.44	42.12±4.87	<0.01	1.6±0.33	32.09±3.95	<0.01
Minimum S_a,O₂	89.00±1.12	81.18±1.81	<0.01	91.2±0.82	83.05±0.89	<0.01

Data are presented as mean±se, except for age, BMI and height (mean±sd), unless otherwise stated. Females’ sleep data, waist–hip ratio (WHR), and waist and neck circumference data are reported as mean±se after controlling for body mass index (BMI). WASO: wake time after sleep onset; TWT: total wake time; TST: total sleep time; N1: stage 1 nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep; N2: stage 2 NREM sleep; SWS: slow wave sleep; REM: rapid eye movement; AHI: apnoea/hyponoea index; S_a,O₂: arterial oxygen saturation.