| Quality indicator | Survival Status | p-value+ | |
| Alive# | Died¶ | ||
| 1) Serum lactate obtained within 6 h of presentation | 74.3 | 71.7 | 0.021 |
| 2) Blood cultures collected before broad-spectrum antibiotic administration | 73.6 | 69.3 | <0.001 |
| 3) Broad-spectrum antibiotic administered with 3 h of ED admission or 1 h of non-ED admission | 66.6 | 62.8 | 0.002 |
| 4) For hypotension or lactate >4 mmol·L−1, 20 mg·kg−1 crystalloid fluid bolus delivered followed by vasopressors if needed to maintain MAP ≥65 mmHg | 75.7 | 72.7 | 0.012 |
| 5) For septic shock or lactate >4 mmol·L−1, central venous pressure of ≥8 mmHg achieved within 6 h of presentation | 39.9 | 40.4 | 0.738 |
| 6) For septic shock or lactate >4 mmol·L−1, Scv,O2 70% (or Sv,O2 65%) achieved within 6 h of presentation | 26.5 | 24.2 | 0.065 |
| 7) Compliance with all applicable elements of sepsis resuscitation bundle | 20.5 | 15.4 | <0.001 |
| 8) Low-dose steroids administered in accordance with standardised ICU policy within 24 h of presentation | 70.8 | 67.6 | 0.017 |
| 9) Drotrecogin alfa administered in accordance with standardised ICU policy within 24 h of presentation | 51.4 | 52.8 | 0.283 |
| 10) Glucose control maintained above the lower limit of normal with median <150 mg·dL−1 (8.3 mmol·L−1) 6–24 h after presentation | 54.8 | 47.6 | <0.001 |
| 11) Median inspiratory plateau pressure <30 cmH2O over first 24 h after presentation | 85.8 | 79.9 | <0.001 |
| 12) Compliance with all applicable elements of sepsis management bundle | 23.5 | 18.1 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as %, unless otherwise stated. ED: emergency department; MAP: mean arterial pressure; Scv,O2: central venous oxygen saturation; Sv,O2: mixed venous oxygen saturation; ICU: intensive care unit. #: n=3,332; ¶: n=2,807; +: Pearson’s Chi-squared test.