| Autoimmune disease | Female | Male | ||||||||||
| Person-yrs | Cases | SIR (95% CI) | Deaths | Person-yrs | HR (95% CI) | Person-yrs | Observed | SIR (95% CI) | Deaths | Person-yrs | HR (95% CI) | |
| Addison’s disease | 18958 | 8 | 1.08 (0.46–2.13) | 8 | 14 | 1.22 (0.58–2.56) | 14180 | 12 | 1.67 (0.86–2.93) | 9 | 6 | 1.76 (0.98–3.17) |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | 11456 | 6 | 1.49 (0.54–3.27) | 6 | 4 | 1.43 (0.54–3.81) | 16388 | 15 | 1.17 (0.65–1.93) | 12 | 8 | 1.65 (1.00–2.74) |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 32767 | 11 | 1.01 (0.50–1.82) | 7 | 12 | 0.96 (0.43–2.14) | 80070 | 45 | 1.13 (0.82–1.51) | 34 | 35 | 1.19 (0.85–1.67) |
| Behcet’s disease | 19524 | 10 | 1.67 (0.80–3.09) | 10 | 18 | 0.97 (0.48–1.93) | 43675 | 21 | 1.13 (0.70–1.73) | 15 | 41 | 0.71 (0.43–1.18) |
| Coeliac disease | 128558 | 10 | 1.01 (0.48–1.86) | 7 | 19 | 0.47 (0.20–1.13) | 87695 | 12 | 1.17 (0.60–2.05) | 7 | 41 | 0.50 (0.25–0.99) |
| Chronic rheumatic heart disease | 86111 | 44 | 1.01 (0.73–1.36) | 26 | 72 | 1.01 (0.72–1.41) | 80173 | 121 | 1.36 (1.13–1.63) | 70 | 191 | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) |
| Crohn’s disease | 208407 | 78 | 1.58 (1.25–1.97) | 58 | 172 | 0.90 (0.69–1.18) | 183916 | 74 | 1.19 (0.93–1.49) | 63 | 58 | 1.17 (0.92–1.49) |
| Discoid lupus erythematosus | 9891 | 17 | 4.21 (2.45–6.76) | 15 | 26 | 1.16 (0.70–1.92) | 3005 | 14 | 5.51 (3.00–9.27) | 10 | 17 | 1.28 (0.74–2.20) |
| Graves’ disease/hyperthyroidism | 455932 | 230 | 1.30 (1.14–1.48) | 188 | 376 | 1.00 (0.86–1.16) | 85263 | 100 | 1.43 (1.16–1.73) | 71 | 112 | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) |
| Hashimoto’s disease/hypothroidism | 96639 | 44 | 1.01 (0.73–1.35) | 32 | 111 | 0.90 (0.64–1.26) | 24110 | 31 | 1.59 (1.08–2.26) | 21 | 32 | 0.86 (0.56–1.32) |
| Immune thrombocytopaenic purpura | 22976 | 10 | 2.02 (0.96–3.73) | 8 | 8 | 0.81 (0.31–2.16) | 21268 | 9 | 1.56 (0.71–2.97) | 4 | 16 | 0.54 (0.23–1.30) |
| Localised scleroderma | 9546 | 10 | 2.09 (0.99–3.85) | 9 | 6 | 1.67 (0.87–3.21) | 2273 | 2 | 1.34 (0.13–4.92) | 2 | 1 | 2.13 (0.55–8.34) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 121186 | 36 | 0.94 (0.66–1.30) | 31 | 56 | 1.21 (0.82–1.77) | 63848 | 35 | 0.96 (0.67–1.34) | 26 | 41 | 1.37 (0.96–1.96) |
| Myasthenia gravis | 20561 | 7 | 1.08 (0.43–2.23) | 9 | 7 | 1.01 (0.46–2.26) | 12109 | 11 | 1.02 (0.50–1.82) | 12 | 31 | 0.70 (0.35–1.39) |
| Pernicious anaemia | 36200 | 14 | 0.70 (0.38–1.18) | 13 | 3 | 2.21 (1.19–4.11) | 30922 | 31 | 0.711 (0.48–1.00) | 31 | 26 | 1.03 (0.70–1.52) |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica | 162276 | 102 | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 83 | 159 | 1.04 (0.84–1.29) | 90846 | 100 | 1.05 (0.86–1.28) | 90 | 110 | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) |
| Polymyositis/dermatomyositis | 14546 | 26 | 4.65 (3.03–6.82) | 22 | 33 | 0.76 (0.47–1.22) | 9512 | 26 | 3.83 (2.50–5.61) | 22 | 11 | 1.72 (1.15–2.56) |
| Primary biliary cirrhosis | 10588 | 9 | 1.36 (0.62–2.59) | 8 | 8 | 1.34 (0.64–2.82) | 2440 | 4 | 1.75 (0.45–4.52) | 3 | 14 | 0.54 (0.17–1.66) |
| Psoriasis | 140958 | 89 | 1.72 (1.38–2.11) | 67 | 130 | 1.00 (0.78–1.27) | 135049 | 135 | 1.50 (1.26–1.78) | 86 | 149 | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) |
| Rheumatic fever | 20262 | 14 | 1.95 (1.06–3.29) | 12 | 23 | 0.65 (0.34–1.25) | 57145 | 62 | 2.10 (1.61–2.70) | 46 | 100 | 0.79 (0.60–1.04) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 528646 | 330 | 1.30 (1.17–1.45) | 234 | 436 | 0.97 (0.86–1.10) | 203439 | 343 | 1.67 (1.50–1.86) | 275 | 360 | 1.15 (1.02–1.29) |
| Sarcoidosis | 87991 | 43 | 1.20 (0.87–1.62) | 39 | 61 | 1.25 (0.89–1.75) | 89833 | 61 | 1.37 (1.05–1.76) | 51 | 91 | 1.17 (0.89–1.53) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 72010 | 51 | 2.18 (1.62–2.87) | 53 | 54 | 1.33 (0.99–1.79) | 14630 | 34 | 3.08 (2.13–4.31) | 20 | 33 | 1.09 (0.76–1.58) |
| Systemic sclerosis | 41971 | 39 | 2.65 (1.89–3.63) | 25 | 47 | 1.15 (0.80–1.67) | 48052 | 49 | 1.93 (1.43–2.55) | 36 | 61 | 1.08 (0.80–1.46) |
| Ulcerative colitis | 225062 | 55 | 0.94 (0.71–1.22) | 41 | 119 | 0.97 (0.72–1.32) | 261738 | 100 | 0.92 (0.75–1.12) | 70 | 180 | 0.79 (0.63–1.00) |
| Granulomatosis with polyangiitis | 79454 | 37 | 0.80 (0.56–1.11) | 32 | 30 | 1.13 (0.79–1.62) | 36331 | 64 | 1.21 (0.93–1.55) | 58 | 55 | 1.08 (0.83–1.42) |
| All | 2867852 | 1349 | 1.29 (1.22–1.36) | 1056 | 2026 | 1.01 (0.94–1.07) | 1910778 | 1522 | 1.36 (1.30–1.43) | 1139 | 1837 | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) |
Data are presented as n, unless otherwise specified. Bold indicates that the 95% CI does not include 1.00.