LMS-defined spirometry category | Participants | COPD hospitalisation | Death without COPD hospitalisation |
Normal | 2738 (76.8)# | 104 (3.8) | 210 (7.7) |
Airflow limitation | |||
Mild | 107 (3.0)# | 13 (12.1) | 9 (8.4) |
Moderate | 132 (3.7)# | 18 (13.6) | 12 (9.1) |
Severe | 253 (7.1)# | 102 (40.3) | 17 (6.7) |
Restrictive pattern | 333 (9.3)# | 39 (11.7) | 48 (14.4) |
Total | 3,563 (100)# | 276 (7.8) | 296 (8.3) |
Data are presented as n (% of row), unless otherwise stated. LMS-defined spirometry categories were established using forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to forced volume capacity (FVC) ratio and FVC, both expressed as LMS-tiles (percentile distribution of LMS-derived Z-scores), normal (FEV1/FVC and FVC >5 LMS-tile), airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC <0.5 LMS-tile) mild (FEV1 ≥5 LMS-tile), moderate (FEV1 0.5–4.9 LMS-tile) and severe <0.5 LMS-tile), and restrictive pattern (FEV1/FVC ≥5 LMS-tile and FVC <5 LMS-tile). #: per cent of study population.