| Equation | Males# | Females¶ | |||
| Median % | Range % | Median % | Range % | ||
| FEV1 | |||||
| Stanojevic et al. [10] | All-age + height | -0.2 | -1.7–4.2 | -0.2 | -1.3–3.2 |
| GLI 2012 [2] | All-age + height | -0.3 | -2.6–0.9 | -0.4 | -1.8–0.8 |
| Quanjer et al. [9] | Age + height | -2.7 | -5.5–2.6 | -1.5 | -3.7–4.0 |
| Hankinson et al. [11] | Age + height | 1.2 | -5.6–4.5 | -1.6 | -5.3–2.2 |
| Knudson et al. [12] | Age + height | -0.9 | -3.0–7.8 | 1.2 | -1.5–7.8 |
| Polgar et al. [3] | Height | -3.3 | -5.8–9.2 | -6.5 | -9.8– -2.0 |
| Rosenthal et al. [5] | Height | 1.3 | -0.9–9.9 | 1.8 | -0.6–10.7 |
| Zapletal et al. [7] | Height | 3.1 | -0.2–14.5 | 4.5 | 2.2–14.1 |
| Wang et al. [4] | Height§ | 2.0 | 0.4–4.1 | 2.6 | 1.7–5.6 |
| FVC | |||||
| Stanojevic et al. [10] | All-age + height | -0.3 | -1.9–1.8 | -0.7 | -1.1–1.2 |
| GLI 2012 [2] | All-age + height | -0.4 | -2.2–1.0 | -0.4 | -1.5–0.7 |
| Quanjer et al. [9] | Age + height | -3.5 | -6.8–0.6 | -2.5 | -6.6–0.9 |
| Hankinson et al. [11] | Age + height | -0.4 | -3.9–3.4 | -6.1 | -9.0– -4.3 |
| Knudson et al. [12] | Age + height | 0.0 | -2.2–8.4 | 0.0 | -3.4–6.7 |
| Polgar et al. [3] | Height | -1.1 | -3.8–16.9 | -6.6 | -9.6– -1.9 |
| Rosenthal et al. [5] | Height | -1.0 | -3.4–5.8 | 1.8 | -0.1–8.4 |
| Zapletal et al. [7] | Height | -0.4 | -2.6–10.8 | 0.9 | -1.1–9.1 |
| Wang et al. [4] | Height§ | 2.8 | -0.1–9.5 | 2.5 | 0.8–5.9 |
Minimum and maximum deviations correspond to the full year age cohorts depicted in figure 1; the median is calculated over the full age range. A positive result means that observed values in the Global Lungs Initiative (GLI) dataset exceed predicted values according to different authors. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity. #: n=13,368; ¶: n=12,953; §: height-based equations for each whole year of age.