TY - JOUR T1 - Altered exhaled biomarker profiles in children during and after rhinovirus-induced wheeze JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J SP - 440 LP - 448 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00044414 VL - 45 IS - 2 AU - Marc P. van der Schee AU - Simone Hashimoto AU - Annemarie C. Schuurman AU - Janine S. Repelaer van Driel AU - Nora Adriaens AU - Romy M. van Amelsfoort AU - Tessa Snoeren AU - Martine Regenboog AU - Aline B. Sprikkelman AU - Eric G. Haarman AU - Wim M.C. van Aalderen AU - Peter J. Sterk Y1 - 2015/02/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/45/2/440.abstract N2 - Preschool rhinovirus-induced wheeze is associated with an increased risk of asthma. In adult asthma, exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC) are associated with inflammatory activity. We therefore hypothesised that acute preschool wheeze is accompanied by a differential profile of exhaled VOC, which is maintained after resolution of symptoms in those children with rhinovirus-induced wheeze.We included 178 children (mean±sd age 22±9 months) from the EUROPA cohort comparing asymptomatic and wheezing children during respiratory symptoms and after recovery. Naso- and oropharyngeal swabs were tested for rhinovirus by quantitative PCR. Breath was collected via a spacer and analysed using an electronic nose. Between-group discrimination was assessed by constructing a 1000-fold cross-validated receiver operating characteristic curve. Analyses were stratified by rhinovirus presence/absence.Wheezing children demonstrated a different VOC profile when compared with asymptomatic children (p<0.001), regardless of the presence (area under the curve (AUC) 0.77, 95% CI 0.07) or absence (AUC 0.81, 95% CI 0.05) of rhinovirus. After symptomatic recovery, discriminative accuracy was maintained in children with rhinovirus-induced wheeze (AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.06), whereas it dropped significantly in infants with non-rhinovirus-induced wheeze (AUC 0.67, 95% CI 0.06).Exhaled molecular profiles differ between preschool children with and without acute respiratory wheeze. This appears to be sustained in children with rhinovirus-induced wheeze after resolution of symptoms. Therefore, exhaled VOC may qualify as candidate biomarkers for early signs of asthma.Children with rhinovirus-induced wheeze have altered exhaled biomarkers both during symptoms and after resolution http://ow.ly/C6vWT ER -