PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Meriem Mjid AU - Chirine Moussa AU - Sonia Toujani AU - Nidhal Balloum AU - Yassine Ouahchi AU - Nozha Ben Salah AU - Abdelmajid Ben Hmida AU - Bechir Louzir AU - Nadia Mhiri AU - Jouda Cherif AU - Majed Beji TI - Predictive factors of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis DP - 2014 Sep 01 TA - European Respiratory Journal PG - P2687 VI - 44 IP - Suppl 58 4099 - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P2687.short 4100 - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P2687.full SO - Eur Respir J2014 Sep 01; 44 AB - Recurrent tuberculosis (RT) is an issue that makes worldwide eradication of the disease difficult, especially in endemic areas such as Tunisia. In order to avoid this complication, intervention should be targeting on risk factors. This study aims to investigate these factors. It's a case controlled study, comparing 2 groups of patients with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB): a relapse group (RG) (n=24) and a control group (CG) (n=23). The RG has been studied during the first TB before recurrence. The CG consists of randomly selected patients, among those hospitalized for pulmonary TB, treated and cured without RT by a period of at least 5 years. HIV-positive patients were excluded. RT was defined by occurrence of a new episode of TB in a patient previously treated and declared as "cured". From 2003 to 2013, RT incidence was 2.5%. There was no difference in sex or average age of the two groups. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were more common in the RG (p<0.05). No difference was found regarding to clinical signs except that hemoptysis, dyspnoea and decline of general condition were more frequent in the RG(p<0.05). Tuberculin skin test was negative in 79.2% of RG vs 50% of CG(p<0.05). Radiological lesions were more extensive in RG(p<0.001). Discontinuation of TB treatment was more common in the RG(p<0.001). No difference was noted in drug adverse reactions. Sputum negativity was delayed in the RG(p<0.001). There was significant difference in drug resistance. This study demonstrates that RT is more frequent among smoking and alcoholic patient presenting extensive TB lesions and who are non-compliant. These findings should lead clinicians to be vigilant with these patients to avoid emergence of TB drug resistance.