PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Mitchell, Ian
AU  - Paes, Bosco
AU  - Li, Abby
AU  - Yi, Hao
AU  - Lanctot, Krista
TI  - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization in infants with congenital airway anomalies (CAA) in the canadian registry of palivizumab (CARESS) after prophylaxis (2005-2012)
DP  - 2014 Sep 01
TA  - European Respiratory Journal
PG  - P1259
VI  - 44
IP  - Suppl 58
4099  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P1259.short
4100  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P1259.full
SO  - Eur Respir J2014 Sep 01; 44
AB  - Background:. CARESS tracks palivizumab use and outcomes in high-risk infants. We compared hazards for hospitalization for respiratory illness (RIH) and RSV (RSVH) in CAA infants versus those prophylaxed for other medical disorders (MD) and standard indications (SD).Methods: Infants receiving ≥1 dose of palivizumab in 2005-2012 RSV seasons recruited from 32 Canadian sites. Utilization and hospitalization collected monthly.Results: 13,310 infants enrolled (309 CAA, 1816 MD, 11185 SD). There were statistically significant group differences (p<0.05) in: enrolment and gestational age, birth and enrolment weight, proportions of: Caucasians, daycare attendance, smoking exposure, siblings, multiple birth, household crowding, and atopy.CAA infants had RIH rate of 12.9%; MD (9.9%); SD (5.9%) with significantly increased hazard of hospitalization compared to MD (HR = 1.47, 95%CI 1.04-2.10, p = 0.030) and SD (HR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.39-2.67, p < 0.0005). 40/309 CAA infants were hospitalized for RI, 32 were tested for RSV; 4 were positive (RSVH rate: 1.61% versus 2.06% (MD), 1.47% (SD). ByCox proportional hazard analysis, CAA did not increase hazard of first RSVH compared to MD or SD infants (χ2 = 0.79, df = 2, p = 0.67). After risk factor adjustment for daycare attendance, siblings, smoking exposure and crowding, the model was significant (χ2 = 66.1, df = 10, p < 0.0005); individual groups as risk factors remained insignificant (p = 0.73).Conclusions: This is the largest report of CAA infants receiving palivizumab . Despite differences in risk factors, the groups appear to have similar hazards in terms of RSVH.