TY - JOUR T1 - Polands syndrome and Sprengels deformity: Comorbidity or coincidence? JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 44 IS - Suppl 58 SP - P2439 AU - Nurettin Yiyit AU - Turgut Isitmangil Y1 - 2014/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P2439.abstract N2 - Polands Syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by absence of the pectoral muscles with hand anomalies and varying chest deformities. Subsequently very different variants of the syndrome were reported and some other associated anomalies have been described. One of the most important associated anomalies is Sprengels deformity (congenital elevated small scapula). We report sixteen cases of Polands Syndrome combined with Sprengels deformity to discuss the relationship between Polands Syndrome and Sprengels deformity.The diagnosis of Sprengels deformity was identified in 16 patients with Polands syndrome between 2008 and 2014. All patients were male and their mean age was 22.8 (range 20-38). The patients were evaluated in terms of additional anomalies.Polands syndrome was right sided in 2 patients, left sided in 6 patients and bilateral in 8 patients. The complete or partial absence of major pectoral muscle and elevated small scapula was detected in all patients. Additionally, serratus anterior muscle was affected in all patients.Some muscles (pectoral, serratus, latissimus dorsi) may be absent or hypoplastic in patients with Polands Syndrome. The most common muscle abnormality is the absence of serratus anterior muscle in Sprengels deformity. On the other hand, 68 patients with Polands syndrome were admitted to our hospital at the same period. 16 patients had Sprengels deformity in addition to syndrome. Our case series show that the combination of Polands syndrome and Sprengels deformity are more often than previously thought. ER -