TY - JOUR T1 - Short- and long-term mortality and causes of death in HIV/tuberculosis patients in Europe JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J SP - 166 LP - 177 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00138712 VL - 43 IS - 1 AU - Daria N. Podlekareva AU - Alexander M. Panteleev AU - Daniel Grint AU - Frank A. Post AU - Jose M. Miro AU - Mathias Bruyand AU - Hansjakob Furrer AU - Niels Obel AU - Enrico Girardi AU - Anna Vasilenko AU - Marcelo H. Losso AU - Alejandro Arenas-Pinto AU - Joan Caylá AU - Aza Rakhmanova AU - Indra Zeltina AU - Anne Marie Werlinrud AU - Jens D. Lundgren AU - Amanda Mocroft AU - Ole Kirk AU - the HIV/TB study group Y1 - 2014/01/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/43/1/166.abstract N2 - Mortality of HIV/tuberculosis (TB) patients in Eastern Europe is high. Little is known about their causes of death. This study aimed to assess and compare mortality rates and cause of death in HIV/TB patients across Eastern Europe and Western Europe and Argentina (WEA) in an international cohort study. Mortality rates and causes of death were analysed by time from TB diagnosis (<3 months, 3–12 months or >12 months) in 1078 consecutive HIV/TB patients. Factors associated with TB-related death were examined in multivariate Poisson regression analysis. 347 patients died during 2625 person-years of follow-up. Mortality in Eastern Europe was three- to ninefold higher than in WEA. TB was the main cause of death in Eastern Europe in 80%, 66% and 61% of patients who died <3 months, 3–12 months or >12 months after TB diagnosis, compared to 50%, 0% and 15% in the same time periods in WEA (p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, follow-up in WEA (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.12, 95% CI 0.04–0.35), standard TB-treatment (IRR 0.45, 95% CI 0.20–0.99) and antiretroviral therapy (IRR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14–0.77) were associated with reduced risk of TB-related death. Persistently higher mortality rates were observed in HIV/TB patients in Eastern Europe, and TB was the dominant cause of death at any time during follow-up. This has important implications for HIV/TB programmes aiming to optimise the management of HIV/TB patients and limit TB-associated mortality in this region. High TB-related death rates in HIV patients in Eastern Europe require measures to improve their clinical management http://ow.ly/q7XcD ER -