RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Volumetric computed tomography screening for lung cancer: three rounds of the NELSON trial JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 1659 OP 1667 DO 10.1183/09031936.00197712 VO 42 IS 6 A1 Horeweg, Nanda A1 van der Aalst, Carlijn M. A1 Vliegenthart, Rozemarijn A1 Zhao, Yingru A1 Xie, Xueqian A1 Scholten, Ernst Th. A1 Mali, Willem A1 Thunnissen, Erik A1 Weenink, Carla A1 Groen, Harry J.M. A1 Lammers, Jan-Willem J. A1 Nackaerts, Kristiaan A1 van Rosmalen, Joost A1 Oudkerk, Matthijs A1 de Koning, Harry J. YR 2013 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/42/6/1659.abstract AB Several medical associations recommended lung cancer screening by low-dose computed tomography scanning for high-risk groups. Counselling of the candidates on the potential harms and benefits and their lung cancer risk is a prerequisite for screening. In the NELSON trial, screenings are considered positive for (part) solid lung nodules with a volume >500 mm3 and for (part) solid or nonsolid nodules with a volume-doubling time <400 days. For this study, the performance of the NELSON strategy in three screening rounds was evaluated and risk calculations were made for a follow-up period of 5.5 years. 458 (6%) of the 7582 participants screened had a positive screen result and 200 (2.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer. The positive screenings had a predictive value of 40.6% and only 1.2% of all scan results were false-positive. In a period of 5.5 years, the risk of screen-detected lung cancer strongly depends on the result of the first scan: 1.0% after a negative baseline result, 5.7% after an indeterminate baseline and 48.3% after a positive baseline. The screening strategy yielded few positive and false-positive scans with a reasonable positive predictive value. The 5.5-year lung cancer risk calculations aid clinicians in counselling candidates for lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography. 5.5-year lung cancer risk calculations aid clinicians in counselling for lung cancer screening with low-dose CT http://ow.ly/p9J3q