RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Aetiology of paediatric pneumonia after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
JF European Respiratory Journal
JO Eur Respir J
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 1595
OP 1603
DO 10.1183/09031936.00199112
VO 42
IS 6
A1 Mohamed A. Elemraid
A1 Andrew D. Sails
A1 Gary J.A. Eltringham
A1 John D. Perry
A1 Stephen P. Rushton
A1 David A. Spencer
A1 Matthew F. Thomas
A1 Katherine M. Eastham
A1 Fiona Hampton
A1 Andrew R. Gennery
A1 Julia E. Clark
YR 2013
UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/42/6/1595.abstract
AB We describe the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) programme in 2006.Prospective studies were conducted in 2001–2002 (pre-vaccine) and 2009–2011 (post-vaccine) of children aged 0–16 years with radiologically confirmed pneumonia seen in hospital. Investigations included culture, serology, immunofluorescence antibody and urine antigen testing, with an increased use of PCR assays and expanded panels of pathogens in the post-vaccine study.241 and 160 children were enrolled in the pre- and post-vaccine studies, respectively (73% aged <5 years). Identification of a causative pathogen was higher post-vaccination (61%) than pre-vaccination (48.5%) (p=0.019). Rates of bacterial infections were not different between post- and pre-vaccine studies (17.5% versus 24%, p=0.258). Viral (31%) and mixed (12.5%) infections were found more often post-vaccination (19.5%, p=0.021) than pre-vaccination (5%, p=0.015). Rates of identified pneumococcal infections were comparable between pre- and post-vaccine studies (14.7% versus 17.4%, p=0.557). Diagnosis of pneumococcal infection post-vaccination improved when PCR was used compared to culture (21.6% versus 6%, p=0.0004). Serotypes included in PCV13 but not PCV7 were identified in 75% (18 out of 24) post-vaccination.Infection with nonvaccine pneumococcal serotypes continues to be a significant cause of pneumonia in children in the UK.Aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children following a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination programme http://ow.ly/p9Wub