RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 TB or not TB: update from the ERS Respiratory Infection Assembly 10 JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 665 OP 670 DO 10.1183/09031936.00054410 VO 36 IS 3 A1 M. Miravitlles A1 G. Ferrara A1 C. Lange A1 G. Dimopoulos A1 G. Rohde A1 F. Blasi A1 G.B. Migliori YR 2010 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/36/3/665.abstract AB Lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis represent some of the top health priorities in Europe. In the present report, the most recent advances in the field of disease control, clinical research and basic science of lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis are presented through analysis of some of the best abstracts presented at the 19th European Respiratory Society Congress in Vienna (Austria). Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prognostic factors and novel diagnostic techniques relevant for bacterial and viral infections, as well as new tools for the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in different sub-groups of patients, are discussed. The growing epidemiological threat represented by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis cases is presented and its impact analysed.