@article {Sugiura1452, author = {H. Sugiura and X. Liu and T. Ichikawa and M. Ichinose and S. I. Rennard}, title = {3-Nitrotyrosine inhibits fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction and chemotaxis}, volume = {34}, number = {6}, pages = {1452--1460}, year = {2009}, doi = {10.1183/09031936.00195808}, publisher = {European Respiratory Society}, abstract = {Reactive nitrogen species induce tissue inflammation and nitrate tyrosine residues of various kinds of proteins. Recent studies have established that the free amino acid form of 3-nitrotyrosine induces cytotoxity and growth inhibition and alters the cellular function in cultured cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether 3-nitrotyrosine could affect tissue remodelling in fibroblasts. To accomplish this, human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) were used to assess the fibroblast-mediated contraction of floating gels and chemotaxis towards fibronectin. In addition, the ability of fibroblasts to release fibronectin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, fibronectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed. 3-Nitrotyrosine significantly inhibited gel contraction (p\<0.01) compared with control and this inhibition was abolished by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. 3-Nitrotyrosine did not affect TGF-β1 and VEGF but significantly decreased fibronectin release (p\<0.01) into the media. 3-Nitrotyrosine significantly inhibited chemotaxis towards fibronectin through suppression of α5β1 integrin expression (p\<0.01). NOS inhibitor also reversed 3-nitrotyrosine-inhibited chemotaxis (p\<0.01). Finally, 3-nitrotyrosine enhanced the expression of the inducible type of NOS (p\<0.01) and nitric oxide release (p\<0.01) through nuclear factor-κB activation. These results suggest that the free amino acid form of 3-nitrotyrosine can affect the tissue repair process by modulating nitric oxide production.}, issn = {0903-1936}, URL = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/34/6/1452}, eprint = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/34/6/1452.full.pdf}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal} }