RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Airway antioxidant and inflammatory responses to diesel exhaust exposure in healthy humans
JF European Respiratory Journal
JO Eur Respir J
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 359
OP 365
DO 10.1183/09031936.06.00136904
VO 27
IS 2
A1 A. F. Behndig
A1 I. S. Mudway
A1 J. L. Brown
A1 N. Stenfors
A1 R. Helleday
A1 S. T. Duggan
A1 S. J. Wilson
A1 C. Boman
A1 F. R. Cassee
A1 A. J. Frew
A1 F. J. Kelly
A1 T. Sandström
A1 A. Blomberg
YR 2006
UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/27/2/359.abstract
AB Pulmonary cells exposed to diesel exhaust (DE) particles in vitro respond in a hierarchical fashion with protective antioxidant responses predominating at low doses and inflammation and injury only occurring at higher concentrations. In the present study, the authors examined whether similar responses occurred in vivo, specifically whether antioxidants were upregulated following a low-dose DE challenge and investigated how these responses related to the development of airway inflammation at different levels of the respiratory tract where particle dose varies markedly. A total of 15 volunteers were exposed to DE (100 µg·m−3 airborne particulate matter with a diameter of <10 µm for 2 h) and air in a double-blinded, randomised fashion. At 18 h post-exposure, bronchoscopy was performed with lavage and mucosal biopsies taken to assess airway redox and inflammatory status. Following DE exposure, the current authors observed an increase in bronchial mucosa neutrophil and mast cell numbers, as well as increased neutrophil numbers, interleukin-8 and myeloperoxidase concentrations in bronchial lavage. No inflammatory responses were seen in the alveolar compartment, but both reduced glutathione and urate concentrations were increased following diesel exposure. In conclusion, the lung inflammatory response to diesel exhaust is compartmentalised, related to differing antioxidant responses in the conducting airway and alveolar regions.