RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Granulocytosis and increased adhesion molecules after resistive loading of the diaphragm
JF European Respiratory Journal
JO Eur Respir J
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 786
OP 794
DO 10.1183/09031936.05.00105204
VO 26
IS 5
A1 X. Wang
A1 T-X. Jiang
A1 J. D. Road
A1 D. M. Redenbach
A1 W. D. Reid
YR 2005
UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/26/5/786.abstract
AB Upregulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, followed by an influx of granulocytes and macrophages, can contribute to exertion-induced skeletal muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to quantify circulating leukocyte subsets, diaphragm injury and infiltrating leukocyte subsets, and surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the diaphragm after inspiratory resistive loading (IRL). Eight New Zealand white rabbits underwent 1.5 h of IRL and seven control rabbits underwent a sham procedure. Blood samples, taken at baseline and 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the onset of IRL or sham, showed that band cell counts had increased at 6 h post-IRL. Point counting of haematoxylin and eosin-stained cross-sections, sampled at 72 h post-IRL, showed greater injury in diaphragms from IRL rabbits compared with controls. Immunohistochemical processing showed increased expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and higher granulocyte and macrophage counts in IRL diaphragms than control diaphragms. Macrophages were the predominant inflammatory cells. Increased intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression, and infiltration of granulocytes and macrophages may contribute to inspiratory resistive loading-induced diaphragm injury.