PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - M. Khalid
AU  - A. Al Saghir
AU  - S. Saleemi
AU  - S. Al Dammas
AU  - M. Zeitouni
AU  - A. Al Mobeireek
AU  - N. Chaudhry
AU  - E. Sahovic
TI  - Azithromycin in bronchiolitis obliterans complicating bone marrow transplantation: a preliminary study
AID  - 10.1183/09031936.05.00020804
DP  - 2005 Mar 01
TA  - European Respiratory Journal
PG  - 490--493
VI  - 25
IP  - 3
4099  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/25/3/490.short
4100  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/25/3/490.full
SO  - Eur Respir J2005 Mar 01; 25
AB  - Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a serious noninfectious pulmonary complication following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, may have a beneficial effect in BO through its anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential effect of azithromycin on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in BO complicating BMT. PFTs of 153 post-BMT patients were followed; eight patients out of 153 (12%) developed obstructive airway disease on their PFTs, along with characteristic findings of BO on high-resolution computed tomography of the chest. These patients were given azithromycin 500 mg q.d. for 3 days, followed by 250 mg three times a week for 12 weeks. Clinically significant improvements were achieved both in forced vital capacity, where the mean (95% confidence interval) increase reported was 410 mL (0.16–0.65), which was an average improvement of 21.57%, and in the forced expiratory volume in one second, where the mean increase noticed was 280 mL (0.10–0.44), which was an average improvement of 20.58%. In conclusion, the potential role of azithromycin in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans is intriguing and it warrants further testing.