TY - JOUR T1 - Utility of bronchoscopy in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients with pulmonary infiltrates: A prospective study JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.PA1883 VL - 58 IS - suppl 65 SP - PA1883 AU - Abdallah Mobeireek AU - Mohammed Al Hajji AU - Ihab Weheba AU - Saud Alsaleh AU - Walid Rasheed AU - Liju Ahmed AU - Mohammed Alhajji Y1 - 2021/09/05 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/58/suppl_65/PA1883.abstract N2 - Pulmonary infiltrates are a common complication in HSCT patients and are often lethal. There is a lack of clarity regarding the utility, optimal timing and role of bronchoscopy in this group of patients.We undertook a prospective observational study of 51 consecutive HSCT patients with pulmonary infiltrates at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh from 2016 to 2019. The ratio of Allogenic Vs Autologous transplant was 78.4% (40/51) Vs 21.6% (11/51). 76.47% were on immunosuppressant’s. The median time from the onset of symptoms to bronchoscopy was 15 days. 78.43% (40/51) had only BAL, 17.6% (9/51) had TBLB and BAL. Viral pathogens were the isolated in 50.9%, bacterial in 29.4% and fungal in 11.7%. In addition, organizing pneumonia in 13.7% (7/51), malignancy in 9.8% (5/51) and Pulmonary TB, NTM and progression of the primary disease in 1 each were diagnosed. Bronchoscopy was diagnostic in 54.9% (28/51) and the treatment was modified in 47% (24/51) as a result of the bronchoscopy. On logistic regression a positive yield was associated with GVHD (OR 4.159 95% CI 1.170 -14.780, p=0.028) and CT scan patterns of tree in bud appearance (OR 15.947 95% CI 1.64 – 155.069 p=0.017), ground glass (OR 2.43 95% CI 0.48-12.304) and nodules (OR 1.893 95% CI 0.377 – 9.516).Our data shows that the bronchoscopy in HSCT patients with pulmonary infiltrates done within 2 weeks of the symptoms can be of benefit. The treatment of nearly 47% of the patients were modified as a result. This is the second prospective study in this specific group of patients to date.FootnotesCite this article as: European Respiratory Journal 2021; 58: Suppl. 65, PA1883.This abstract was presented at the 2021 ERS International Congress, in session “Prediction of exacerbations in patients with COPD”.This is an ERS International Congress abstract. No full-text version is available. Further material to accompany this abstract may be available at www.ers-education.org (ERS member access only). ER -