TY - JOUR T1 - Time trends in diagnostic testing for PCD in Europe JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.00528-2019 SP - 1900528 AU - Florian S. Halbeisen AU - Amelia Shoemark AU - Angelo Barbato AU - Mieke Boon AU - Siobhan Carr AU - Suzanne Crowley AU - Rob Hirst AU - Bulent Karadag AU - Cordula Koerner-Rettberg AU - Michael R. Loebinger AU - Jane S. Lucas AU - Bernard Maitre AU - Henryk Mazurek AU - Uğur Özçelik AU - Vendula Martinů AU - Nicolaus Schwerk AU - Guillaume Thouvenin AU - Stefan A. Tschanz AU - Panayiotis Yiallouros AU - Myrofora Goutaki AU - Claudia E. Kuehni Y1 - 2019/01/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2019/07/08/13993003.00528-2019.abstract N2 - Despite recent advances in diagnostic methods, diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) remains complex. We need a combination of different diagnostic tests, and all have their limitations [1]. In 2009, the first European Respiratory Society Task Force (ERS TF) on PCD in children published recommendations [2], suggesting that: 1) Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) should be measured to screen for PCD in patients aged ≥5 years [3]; and 2) video microscopy (VM) analysis of ciliary beat pattern and frequency [4] plus electron microscopy (EM) [5] should be the key confirmatory diagnostic tests. Genetic testing was not recommended as part of the initial diagnostic testing, but as additional test for inconclusive cases. The recommended test combination was nNO, VM and EM for patients aged ≥5 years and VM plus EM for younger patients.FootnotesThis manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the European Respiratory Journal. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJ online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.Conflict of interest: Dr. Halbeisen has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Shoemark has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Barbato has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Boon reports grants from Horizon 2020, outside the submitted work.Conflict of interest: Dr. Carr reports personal fees and other from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, other from Chiesi Pharmaceuticals, personal fees from Actavis Pharmaceuticals, other from Pharmaixis Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work.Conflict of interest: Dr. Crowley has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Hirst has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Karadag has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Koerner-Rettberg has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Loebinger reports personal fees from Bayer, personal fees from Griffols, personal fees from Polyphor, personal fees from Raptor, other from Parion, outside the submitted work.Conflict of interest: Dr. Lucas reports grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Aerocrine/Circassia, grants and personal fees from Vertex, grants from Parion, outside the submitted work.Conflict of interest: Dr. MAITRE has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Mazurek has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Ozcelik has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Martinu has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Schwerk has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Thouvenin has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: S. Tschanz has nothing to discloseConflict of interest: Dr. Yiallouros has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Goutaki has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Kuehni has nothing to disclose. ER -