TY - JOUR T1 - Three-month daily Rifampicin and Isoniazid compared to six or nine-month Isoniazid for treating latent tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents less than 15 years of age: an updated systematic review JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.00395-2018 SP - 1800395 AU - Yibeltal Assefa AU - Yalemzewod Assefa AU - Solomon Woldeyohannes AU - Yohhei Hamada AU - Haileyesus Getahun Y1 - 2018/01/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2018/04/12/13993003.00395-2018.abstract N2 - One-third to one-fourth of the world's population is estimated to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) [1]. These infected persons are at risk for developing active disease with a lifetime risk of reactivation estimated to be 5–10% [2]. Prevention of reactivation of LTBI, in population groups with higher risk of progression to active disease than the general population, is critical to end the global TB epidemic [3].Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in children with a three-month daily Rifampicin and Isoniazid regimen is safe with better compliance, adherence and completion rate than a six or nine-month Isoniazid monotherapyFootnotesThis manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the European Respiratory Journal. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJ online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.Conflict of interest: Dr. Yibeltal has nothing to discloseConflict of interest: Yalemzewod has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Solomon has nothing to discloseConflict of interest: Dr. Hamada has nothing to disclose.Conflict of interest: Dr. Getahun has nothing to disclose. ER -