@article {Mejza1700621, author = {Filip Mejza and Louisa Gnatiuc and A. Sonia Buist and William M. Vollmer and Bernd Lamprecht and Daniel O. Obaseki and Pawel Nastalek and Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka and Peter G.J. Burney}, editor = {, and , and Zhong, NanShan and Liu, Shengming and Lu, Jiachun and Ran, Pixin and Wang, Dali and Zheng, Jingping and Zhou, Yumin and Kocaba{\c s}, Ali and Hancioglu, Attila and Hanta, Ismail and Kuleci, Sedat and Turkyilmaz, Ahmet Sinan and Umut, Sema and Unalan, Turgay and Studnicka, Michael and Dawes, Torkil and Lamprecht, Bernd and Schirhofer, Lea and Bateman, Eric and Jithoo, Anamika and Adams, Desiree and Barnes, Edward and Freeman, Jasper and Hayes, Anton and Hlengwa, Sipho and Johannisen, Christine and Koopman, Mariana and Louw, Innocentia and Ludick, Ina and Olckers, Alta and Ryck, Johanna and Storbeck, Janita and Gislason, Thorarinn and Benedikdtsdottir, Bryndis and J{\"o}rundsdottir, Kristin and Gudmundsdottir, Lovisa and Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun and Gundmundsson, Gunnar and Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa and Frey, Jakub and Harat, Rafal and Mejza, Filip and Nastalek, Pawel and Pajak, Andrzej and Skucha, Wojciech and Szczeklik, Andrzej and Twardowska, Magda and Welte, Tobias and Bodemann, Isabelle and Geldmacher, Henning and Schweda-Linow, Alexandra and Gulsvik, Amund and Endresen, Tina and Svendsen, Lene and Tan, Wan C. and Wang, Wen and Mannino, David M. and Cain, John and Copeland, Rebecca and Hazen, Dana and Methvin, Jennifer and Dantes, Renato B. and Amarillo, Lourdes and Berratio, Lakan U. and Fernandez, Lenora C. and Francisco, Norberto A. and Garcia, Gerard S. and de Guia, Teresita S. and Idolor, Luisito F. and Naval, Sullian S. and Reyes, Thessa and Roa, Camilo C. and Sanchez, Ma. Flordeliza and Simpao, Leander P. and Jenkins, Christine and Marks, Guy and Bird, Tessa and Espinel, Paola and Hardaker, Kate and Toelle, Brett and Burney, Peter G.J. and Amor, Caron and Potts, James and Tumilty, Michael and McLean, Fiona and Wouters, Emiel F.M. and Wesseling, Geert-Jan and B{\'a}rbara, Cristina and Rodrigues, F{\'a}tima and Dias, Herm{\'\i}nia and Cardoso, Jo{\~a}o and Almeida, Jo{\~a}o and Matos, Maria Jo{\~a}o and Sim{\~a}o, Paula and Santos, Moutinho and Ferreira, Reis and Janson, Christer and Olafsdottir, Inga Sif and Nisser, Katarina and Spetz-Nystr{\"o}m, Ulrike and H{\"a}gg, Gunilla and Lund, Gun-Marie and J{\~o}gi, Rain and Laja, Hendrik and Ulst, Katrin and Zobel, Vappu and Lill, Toomas-Julius and Koul, Parvaiz A. and Malik, Sajjad and Hakim, Nissar A. and Hafiz Khan, Umar and Chowgule, Rohini and Shetye, Vasant and Raphael, Jonelle and Almeda, Rosel and Tawde, Mahesh and Tadvi, Rafiq and Katkar, Sunil and Kadam, Milind and Dhanawade, Rupesh and Ghurup, Umesh and Harrabi, Imed and Denguezli, Myriam and Tabka, Zouhair and Daldoul, Hager and Boukheroufa, Zaki and Chouikha, Firas and Khalifa, Wahbi Belhaj and Idolor, Luisito F. and de Guia, Teresita S. and Francisco, Norberto A. and Roa, Camilo C. and Ayuyao, Fernando G. and Tady, Cecil Z. and Tan, Daniel T. and Banal-Yang, Sylvia and Balanag, Vincent M. and Reyes, Maria Teresita N. and Dantes, Renato. B. and Juvekar, Sanjay and Hirve, Siddhi and Sambhudas, Somnath and Chaidhary, Bharat and Tambe, Meera and Pingale, Savita and Umap, Arati and Umap, Archana and Shelar, Nitin and Devchakke, Sampada and Chaudhary, Sharda and Bondre, Suvarna and Walke, Savita and Gawhane, Ashleshsa and Sapkal, Anil and Argade, Rupali and Gaikwad, Vijay and Salvi, Sundeep and Brashier, Bill and Londhe, Jyoti and Madas, Sapna and Benjelloun, Mohamed C. and Nejjari, Chakib and Elbiaze, Mohamed and El Rhazi, Karima and Obaseki, Daniel and Erhabor, Gregory and Awopeju, Olayemi and Adewole, Olufemi and Al Ghobain, Mohamed and Alorainy, Hassan and El-Hamad, Esam and Al Hajjaj, Mohamed and Hashi, Ayan and Dela, Rowena and Fanuncio, Rofel and Doloriel, Elizabeth and Marciano, Imelda and Safia, Lyla and Sooronbaev, Talant M. and Estebesova, Bermet M. and Akmatalieva, Meerim and Usenbaeva, Saadat and Kydyrova, Jypara and Bostonova, Eliza and Sheraliev, Ulan and Marajapov, Nuridin and Toktogulova, Nurgul and Emilov, Berik and Azilova, Toktogul and Beishekeeva, Gulnara and Dononbaeva, Nasyikat and Tabyshova, Aijamal and Mortimer, Kevin and Nyapigoti, Wezzie and Mwangoka, Ernest and Kambwili, Mayamiko and Chipeta, Martha and Banda, Gloria and Mkandawire, Suzgo and Banda, Justice and Hafizi, Hasan and Aliko, Anila and Bardhi, Donika and Tafa, Holta and Thanasi, Natasha and Mezini, Arian and Teferici, Alma and Todri, Dafina and Nikolla, Jolanda and Kazasi, Rezarta and Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene and Bengrait, Amira and Haddad, Tabarek and Zgaoula, Ibtissem and Ghit, Maamar and Roubhia, Abdelhamid and Boudra, Soumaya and Atoui, Feryal and Yakoubi, Randa and Benali, Rachid and Bencheikh, Abdelghani and Ait-Khaled, Nadia and Loh, Li-Cher and Rashid, Abdul and Sholehah, Siti and Lawin, Herve and Kpangon, Arsene and Kpossou, Karl and Agodokpessi, Gildas and Ayelo, Paul and Fayomi, Benjamin}, title = {Prevalence and burden of chronic bronchitis symptoms: results from the BOLD study}, volume = {50}, number = {5}, elocation-id = {1700621}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1183/13993003.00621-2017}, publisher = {European Respiratory Society}, abstract = {We studied the prevalence, burden and potential risk factors for chronic bronchitis symptoms in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.Representative population-based samples of adults aged >=40 years were selected in participating sites. Participants completed questionnaires and spirometry. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were defined as chronic cough and phlegm on most days for >=3 months each year for >=2 years.Data from 24 855 subjects from 33 sites in 29 countries were analysed. There were significant differences in the prevalence of self-reported symptoms meeting our definition of chronic bronchitis across sites, from 10.8\% in Lexington (KY, USA), to 0\% in Ile-Ife (Nigeria) and Blantyre (Malawi). Older age, less education, current smoking, occupational exposure to fumes, self-reported diagnosis of asthma or lung cancer and family history of chronic lung disease were all associated with increased risk of chronic bronchitis. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with worse lung function, more dyspnoea, increased risk of respiratory exacerbations and reduced quality of life, independent of the presence of other lung diseases.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms varied widely across the studied sites. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with significant burden both in individuals with chronic airflow obstruction and those with normal lung function.Chronic bronchitis symptoms are associated with significant burden regardless of the presence of airflow obstruction http://ow.ly/kP9P30eFELK}, issn = {0903-1936}, URL = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/5/1700621}, eprint = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/5/1700621.full.pdf}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal} }