TY - JOUR T1 - Determinants of diaphragm thickening fraction during mechanical ventilation: an ancillary study of a randomised trial JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.00783-2017 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 1700783 AU - Emmanuel Vivier AU - Ferran Roche-Campo AU - Laurent Brochard AU - Armand Mekontso Dessap Y1 - 2017/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/3/1700783.abstract N2 - Ultrasonography of the diaphragm is the subject of a growing interest in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting [1–6]. Observing the diaphragm in its zone of apposition allows measurement of its thickness and computation of its thickening fraction (TFdi), which depends on diaphragmatic activity [3] and reflects the diaphragm work of breathing [1]. A recent study showed that the TFdi correlated well with the endotracheal pressure variation generated by phrenic stimulation [6]. This index was also proposed for clinical evaluation of diaphragm weakness to detect ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD) and predict difficult weaning [3, 4]. However, it remains unclear whether increased thickening in this setting only reflects a better intrinsic diaphragmatic strength, or if it also suggests enhanced work of breathing in response to increased cardiorespiratory workload. Furthermore, some authors suggested that VIDD could be thought as the “respiratory” manifestation of a global neuromuscular weakness [4, 7], but its relationship with ICU-acquired limb weakness is not straightforward [5]. The present study had a dual objective: first, to explore the correlation between ICU-acquired limb weakness (as assessed by the Medical Research Council (MRC) score) and diaphragm thickening (as assessed by TFdi); second, to assess the association of clinical variables with TFdi during mechanical ventilation.Diaphragm thickening does not correlate with ICUAW; it is influenced by cardiopulmonary load and residual sedation http://ow.ly/6TC130e6G3Q ER -