TY - JOUR T1 - TSLP and periostin in infants with viral bronchiolitis JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.OA4987 VL - 48 IS - suppl 60 SP - OA4987 AU - Ana Moreira AU - Mº Luz García AU - Cristina Calvo AU - Sergio Quevedo AU - Francisco Pozo AU - Inmaculada Casas AU - Victoria del Pozo Y1 - 2016/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/48/suppl_60/OA4987.abstract N2 - Background. There is growing interest on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and periostin in allergic diseases, but less is known about their role in viral bronchiolitis. Objective: to evaluate the airway immune response of infants with bronchiolitis and determine whether immune response is related to disease severity of viral etiology.Patients and Methods. 137 infants under 2 years of age, hospitalized with bronchiolitis from October 2013 to January 2015, were enrolled alongside 23 healthy infants. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were screened for viruses by polymerase chain reaction. TSLP, periostin, IL-10, and IFN- γ were measured in NPAs. Clinical data were recorded.Results. 123 infants (89.7%)were positive to virus: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 68%; rhinovirus, 23%; parainfluenza virus, 6.6%; adenovirus,4.3%; human bocavirus,3%; and human metapneumovirus,2%. Infants with bronchiolitis had higher levels of cytokines than healthy controls (TSLP p<0.001, periostin p<0.05, IL-10 p<0.001, IFN-γ p=0.003). Detectable levels of TSLP and periostin were more frequent in virus-positive than in virus-negative patients (p<0.005). TSLP was also more common in coinfections (RSV+rhinovirus) than in single infections (p<0.005). All viruses elicited Th1 and Th2 responses, but Th2 dominates in the rhinovirus group (higher TSLP/IFN ratio;dual p<0.05 or single infections p=0.06). Higher TSLP/IFN ratio was associated with oxygen saturation ≤ 89% (p=0.07) and admission ≥5 days (p=0.08).Conclusions. Severe bronchiolitis caused by the most common respiratory viruses is associated with elevated nasal TSLP, periostin, IL-10, and IFN- γ. Our findings suggest that rhinovirus, RSV, and hMPV bronchiolitis may shift immune response towards Th2. ER -